- Hitler became convinced that Britain wasremaining in the war only because it expectedSoviet support, Britain’s last hope would beeliminated the invasion was scheduled for thespring of 1941, the failure of Mussolini’sinvasion of Greece in 1940 had exposedHitler’s southern flank to British air bases inGreece. To secure his Balkan flank, Hitlerseized both Greece and Yugoslavia in April.Hitler invaded the Soviet Union on June 22,1941 . For the first time in the war, Germanarmies had been stopped. A counterattack inDecember 1941 by a Soviet army came as anominous ending to the year for the Germans.

- The manhattan project was thedevelopment of the nuclear bomb.The reason why Hiroshima wasbombed is that the top priority forPresident Truman was to end the waras quickly as possible to avoid moreconflicts for the USA.

- In North Africa, British forces stoppedGeneral Erwin Rommel's troops in thesummer of 1942. During November1942, British and American forcesinvaded French’s North Africa. Theyforced the German and Italian troopsthere to surrender in May 1943.

- German forces broke through theBritish defenses in Egypt andadvanced toward Alexandria. Areinforced German offensive in theSoviet Union led to the capture of theentire Crimea in the spring of 1942.However, by the fall of 1942, the warhad turned against the Germans.

- The entry of the United States into the warcreated, the Grand Alliance,he three majorAllies— Great Britain, the United States, andthe Soviet Union—agreed to stress militaryoperations and to ignore political differences,At the beginning of 1943, the Allies agreed tofight until the Axis Powers—Germany, Italy,and Japan—surrendered unconditionally,which required the Axis nations to surrender.This cemented the Grand Alliance by making itnearly impossible for Hitler to divide his foes.

- Japanese aircraft attacked the U.S. naval baseat Pearl Harbor in Hawaii, apan now declaredthe creation of a "community" of nations: theGreater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere.Japanese policy was now largely dictated byPrime Minister Hideki Tōjō who in the course ofthe war became a virtual military dictator, Theattack on Pearl Harbor unified Americanopinion about becoming involved in thewar.The United States joined with Europeannations and Nationalist China in a combinedeffort to defeat Japan.

- Hitler thought that an invasion to Britain couldsucceed only if Germany gained control of theair. At the beginning of August 1940, theLuftwaffe (German air force) bombed British airforce and naval bases, harbors, communicationcenters, and war industries. The British foughtback with determination , supported by aneffective radar system that gave them awarning of German attacks. Nevertheless, theBritish air force suffered critical losses. InSeptember, Britain attack Berlin. Hitler insteadof bombing military targets, the Luftwaffebegan massive bombing of British cities. TheBritish were able to rebuild their air strengthquickly. Soon, the British air force was inflictingmajor losses on Luftwaffe bombers. Hitlerpostponed the invasion of Britain.

- Hitler make a move to attack on April 9, 1940,with another blitzkrieg against Denmark andNorway. A month later, hitler launched anattack on the Netherlands, Belgium, andFrance. German panzer divisions brokethrough weak French defensive positions thereand raced across northern France. Allies forceswere taken by surprise. When Germany wasabout to attack, France had a defense system,called the “Maginot” Line, on its border withGermany. This was made of concrete and steelwas a fort armed with heavy artillery. With theMaginot line, the Germans splitted the Alliedarmies, trapping French troops and the entireBritish army on the beaches of Dunkirk. TheFrench signed an armistice on June 22, 1940.Germany occupied three-fifths of Franceterritory. Germany the control of western andcentral Europe, but Britain was not defeated ,after Dunkirk attack, the British resolveheightened. The British people were thestirring speeches of Winston Churchill, whowas the prime minister in May 1940. PresidentFranklin D. Roosevelt denounced theaggressors, but the United States followed astrict policy of isolationism. United States waspreventing going to the war because they hadbeen drawn into World War I due to economicinvolvement in Europe, and they wanted toprevent a recurrence. Roosevelt was convincedthat the neutrality acts actually encouraged

- Hitler confused Europe with the speed of theGerman attack on Poland. He used theblitzkrieg, or"lightning war," called panzerdivisions, that was in support by airplanes andin the sky. The blitzkrieg was very quickpassing through Polish lines and they gotPoland weak so they can entered. Within fourweeks, Poland surrendered. On September 28,1939, Germany and the Soviet Union dividedPoland.