1. Changes in classification terms

2. Additional factors have been added to the classification: considering the impact of environmental factors and individual factors on the body, that is, situational factors

3. Expanded the meaning of classification: ICIDH mainly focuses on the classification of disease consequences, while ICF also includes the classification of disabilities with “health components”. ICIDH is for people with disabilities, ICF is for everyone

4. Mutual transformation of disability classifications: All components of the ICF classification interact in two directions, while in ICIDH there is mainly one-way influence.

5. The application scope of ICF has been significantly expanded, and it can be used as a statistical work

1. Patient’s perspective: deepen patients’ understanding of their own disease, appropriate treatment goals, and enhance confidence

2. From the perspective of rehabilitation doctors and therapists: comprehensive, systematic and accurate assessment to make up for the deficiencies in medical history

3. From a social perspective: problems in social rehabilitation

1. Grasp the functional impairment

2. Develop a rehabilitation plan

3. Evaluate the treatment effect

4. Help determine prognosis

5. Analyze the efficiency of use of health resources

1. Qualitative assessment: To solve the problem of "whether the object is there or not", it is to use induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis, abstract and summary conversation, questionnaire survey and naked eye observation on the collected data. These are commonly used qualitative assessments in rehabilitation assessment. method

2. Quantitative assessment

1. Choose the correct assessment method: select the assessment method for the purpose of assessment, select the assessment method based on reliability and validity, select the assessment method based on obstacles, combine comprehensiveness with pertinence, and select based on objective conditions

2. Determine the appropriate time for assessment

3. Create a good assessment environment

4. Implement professional inspection and assessment

5. Strengthen close cooperation between doctors and patients

Subjective data(S): medical history: chief complaint, history of present illness, functional history, past history, systematic review, personal history, social history, occupational history, family history

Objective information (O): Physical examination: vital signs and general condition, skin and lymph, head and facial features, neck, chest, heart and peripheral vascular system, abdomen, genitourinary system and rectum, musculoskeletal system, nervous system auxiliary examination: Experimental diagnosis, cardiopulmonary examination, neuroelectrophysiological examination, imaging evaluation, other clinical methods (urodynamic examination, cerebrospinal fluid examination, bone marrow puncture, pathological examination)

Functional assessment (A): cognition, swallowing, sensation, speech, movement, activities of daily living, occupational abilities, environment and non-environmental assessment Three levels of impairment: assessment of impairment, assessment of activity limitations, participation restrictions

Rehabilitation Plan (P)

Type 1 muscle fiber: Also known as slow-twitch (red muscle) fiber or slow-twitch oxidative fiber, it contains fewer myofibrils, more mitochondria and myogenin, smaller neurons, abundant surrounding capillaries, and oxidative enzymes. It has high activity and low glycolytic enzyme activity. It relies on aerobic metabolism for energy. It contracts slower, produces lower tension, lasts longer, and is less prone to fatigue. It is the main driving force for maintaining posture during low-intensity exercise and rest.

Type II muscle fibers: also known as fast-twitch muscle fibers, IIb fibers, also known as fast-twitch glycolytic fibers, contain more myofibrils and less mitochondria and myogenin, which is the opposite of the above. Type IIa (also known as fast-twitch oxidative glycolytic fiber) is between the two and has the characteristics of both (white muscle)

isotonic contraction

Isometric contraction: static contraction (increased muscle tone)

Isokinetic contraction: When a muscle contracts, the muscle tension changes

Isotonic eccentric contraction>Isometric contraction>Isotonic concentric contraction

physiological cross section of muscle

initial length of muscle

Muscle recruitment

The relationship between the direction of muscle fibers and the long axis of tendons

Leverage efficiency

Coordination of regulatory functions of the central nervous system

Determine the extent of muscle weakness

Assist in the localization and diagnosis of certain neuromuscular diseases

Prevent injuries and deformities caused by muscle imbalance

Evaluate the effectiveness of muscle strengthening training

In specific postures, standard movements are completed under conditions of reduced gravity, anti-gravity and resistance. The tester also determines muscle strength by touching the muscle belly, observing the movement of the muscles, the range of joint activities, and the ability to overcome resistance. size

subtopic

Things to note

Indications: lower motor neuron damage, bone marrow damage (not available during spasticity), primary myopathy, bone and joint diseases