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Lukes Three Faces of Power

Lukes-Three-Faces-of-Power
1ST FACE OF POWER: DECISIONMAKING
Robert Dahl
focus on behavior
focus on decisionmaking
focus on (key) issues
focus on observable (overt) conflict
focus on (subjective) interests, seen as policy
preferences
revealed by political participation
2ND FACE OF POWER: AGENDASETTING
Peter Bachrach and Morton Baratz
a critique of the behavioral
focus
focus on decisionmaking
and nondecision making
focus on issues and potential issues
focus on observable
(overt or covert) conflict
acknowledges (subjective) interests, seen as
policy preferences or grievances
3RD FACE OF POWER: PREFERENCE SHAPING
Steven Lukes
a critique of the behavioral focus
focus on decisionmaking and control over
political agenda (not necessarily through
decisions)
focus on issues and potential issues
observable (overt or covert), and latent conflict
acknowledges subjective and real interests
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One of Lukes' academic theories is that of the "three faces of power," presented in his book, Power: A Radical View. This theory claims that power is exercised in three ways: decision-making power, non-decision-making power, and ideological power.
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