Predicate Dualism

Predicate-Dualism
definitions
consciousness
intentionality
self
soul
qualia
embodiment
physicalism
materialism
epistemology
ontology
zombie
causality
issues
Can the same mind exist separately from the body
or in different bodies?
If we build machines from metal
and silicon, can they have a
mind?
Which of these are questions about the
physical world? I.e., which of these can be
answered experimentally?
survival of the soul
existence of qualia
existence of consciousness
(zombie vs human)
basic issue
dualism OR the mindbody problem
states
mental state
I'm thinking of a pink elephant
physical state
particular firing pattern of neurons
How do mental states relate to
physical states?
If substance or property dualism are true, then
AI cannot work the way we are approaching it,
since we haven't put in the right "substance."
questions
ontology
What is the correspondence
between mental and physical
states?
causality
What is the causal relationship
between physical and mental
states?
history
antiquity
Plato (400 BCE)
Physical bodies are imperfect versions of
ideals or concepts ("Platonic forms" "Platonic
ideals")
"Multiple souls": nutritive souls (all living things),
perceptive souls (animals), reason (unique to
people)
Aristotle (350 BCE)
Ideals or concepts are defined by physical
forms. The "soul" is just something associated
with a physical body. "Idealism"
religiously motivated
al Ash'ari (1100)
Aquinas (1250)
Descartes (1650)
some modern views
preRennaissance, dualism served an
explanatory role, afterwards it become a
philosophical issue
Hume (1770)
Ryle (1949)
Huxley (1950)
Searle (1960)
ontology
predicate dualism
Psychological predicates are essential for a full
description of the world and can't be reduced
to predicates about the physical world.
fully compatible with AI
bundle dualism
We define things by their properties. Mind is a separate
thing in as much as it is described differently from
matter, but that doesn't mean it is a separate
substance.
compatible with both AI and religion, in that
it doesn't exclude any of the other
possibilities
property dualism
Anything that involves psychology involves a
special property of matter, a property that is
otherwise not needed for physical processes.
substance dualism
"The stuff that thinks" is a
different substance from regular
matter.
Human beings are composed both of mental
substances ("soul") and of physical substances
("body"); the two are linked somehow.
Mental substances have properties that
physical substances never have, such as the
ability to behave morally, show compassion,
love, etc.
AI?
an intelligent embodiment only occurs when a mind
wills it into existence, so the process of
mechanically assembling parts is not sufficient; AI
is not possible
214