As students fill up the frames, they create a ten. They will start to see that a full frame becomes 1 ten. The five frame is used as a step towards the ten frame.

Expanded Form is representing numbers as factors, exponents or words, separating into individual place values and decimal places forming a mathematical expression

A method of doing addition by adding the largest units first, starting from the left and working to the right.

The friendly number strategy for addition, helps us work with big numbers. This is because we are essentially breaking the equation up into more manageable parts. We begin by getting to a friendly number, which is typically a multiple of 10, 100, or 100 – depending on the numbers that we are working with.

Trading off means it to change one number of your sum by adding to make it easier to answer and then you subtrack it in your final answer or second.

Stack the numbers you're adding in a column, keeping all of the digits in the right places (you know, the 1's digits in the 1's place, 10's digits in the 10's place, and so on).

In the scratch algorithm for addition, single digits are added in columns until a sum greater than 9 is reached. Then, the digit atvwhich that sum is reached is scratched out, and the last digit of the sum is written next to it. When the end of a column is reached, the scratch marks are tallied and added to the top of the next column to be included in its sum.

The process for expanded multiplication is very similar to the process of expanded addition and expanded subtraction. When solving multiplication problems using expanded form, you give each digit a value based on its position within the number. Expanded form--> 874 = 800 + 70 + 4