English present and past tense

Lh Dana

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Outline

Present and Past; Simple and Progressive

Simple Present

Meaning: It says that something was true in the past, is true in the present, and will be true in the future.

Form

Affirmative

Simple form

Simple form + -s /es

(with third person singular)

Negative

do + not + simple form

does + not + simple form

(with third person singular)

Examples,Usages

Examples:

A) I live in Riyadh.

B) My age is 18 years old.

C) Tom goes fishing every week.

D) I get up early every day.

Usages:

1. A,B

to express general statements of fact and general truths.

2. C,D

to express habitual or everyday activities.

Indicators:

Always, usually, frequently, everyday, every time, on Sundays, every now and then, once a year, often, rarely, sometimes, generally, never, etc.

Present Progressive

Meaning: The present Progressive expresses an activity that is in progress at the moment of speaking. It is a temporary activity that began in the past, is continuing at the present, and will probably end at some point in the future.

Form

Affirmative

am/is/are + v-ing

Negative

am/is/are + not + v-ing

Examples,Usages

Examples:

My cat is eating fish.

I am speaking.

Usages:

To express an action or event that is in progress at the moment of speaking.

Indicators:

Now, right now, at this moment, etc.

Indicators:

While, when

Examples,Usages

Examples:

A) When I was watching TV, My mom started calling me.

B) While I was studying in our room, my sister was having a nap.

Usages:

A: When two actions occurred at the same time, but one action began earlier and was in progress when the other one occurred.

B:Sometimes the past progressive is used in both parts of a sentence when two actions are in progress simultaneously.

Past Progressive

Meaning It indicates that an activity or situation was in progress at a past point in time. The action is often interrupted by a simple past tense verb.

Form

Affirmative

was/were + v-ing

Negative

was/were + not + v-ing

Indicators:

Yesterday, last night, last week, ago, when etc.

Examples,Usages

Examples:

A) I watched TV last week.

B) I played football yesterday.

C) when i reached the maximum daily dose of caffine,my heart started beat.

Usages:

A,B :An activity or a situation that began and ended at a particular time in the past.

C:If a sentence contains when and has the simple past in both clauses, the action in the when-clause happens first.

Simple Past

Meaning: It indicates that an activity or situation began and ended at a particular time in the past.

Form

Affirmative

Regular verbs -ed / -d

Irregular verbs

Negative

did + not + simple form