This is a mind map about rabies in the Philippine. Rabies is a deadly virus spread to people from the saliva of infected animals. The rabies virus is usually transmitted through a bite.
Animals most likely to transmit rabies include bats, coyotes, foxes, raccoons and skunks. In developing countries, stray dogs are the most likely to spread rabies to people.
Once a person begins showing signs and symptoms of rabies, the disease nearly always causes death. For this reason, anyone who may have a risk of contracting rabies should receive rabies vaccinations for protection.
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Outline
Rabies (Hydrophobia, Lyssa)
Period of Communicability
3-10 days (rarely over 3 days) before onset of clinical signs (in dogs and cats)
throughout duration of disease
Incubation Period
2-8 weeks
May be as long as a year or several years depending on:
1. Protection provided and clothing
2. Amount of virus introduced
3. Severity of the wounds
4. Site of the wound
Distance of the wound to the brain
Cause
1. Acute viral encephalomyelitis
2. Rabies virus (rhabdovirus) genus lyssavirus
Mode of Transmission
1. Organ transplant (corneal) from dying infected person (rare)
2. Bites of a rabid animal whose saliva has the virus
3. Scratch or fresh breaks in the skin (very rare)
4. Man-to-man
5. Airborn spread in a cove with millions of bats (Rare)
Signs and Symptoms
1. Sense of apprehension
2. Headache
3. Fever
4. Sensory change near site of animal bite
5. Spasms of muscles or deglutition on attempts to swallow (fear of water/hydrophobia)
6. Paralysis
7. Delirium and Convulsions
Susceptibility and Resistance
All warm-blooded animals susceptible
Natural immunity in man is unknown
Complication leading to Death
Respiratory Paralysis
Note
Rabies immunization is free for all!
Rabies remains a problem in the Philippines
Without medical intervention, the victim would usually last for only 2-8 days.
Death is often due to respiratory paralysis
Treatment/Management/Prevention
Be a responsible pet owner:
a. Have pet immunized at 3 months of age and every year thereafter
b. Never allow pets to roam the streets
c. Take care of your pet, bathe and feed them regularly with adequate food, provide them with clean sleeping quarters
d. Your pet's action is your responsibility
Consult for rabies diagnosis and surveillance of the area
Mobilize for Community Participation
The wound must be immediately and throughly washed with soap and water (antiseptics like povidone iodine or alcohol may also be applied)
Patients might be given antibiotics and anti-tetanus immunization
Post-exposure treatment (local wound treatment, active immunization via vaccination and passive immunization via administration of rabies immunoglobulin
Active immunization/Vaccination (induces the body to develop antibodies to fight rabies for up to 3 years)
Passive immunization (Giving an antibody to an infected person to provide immediate protection against rabies (to be administered in the 1st 7 days of active immunization) (effects, however, are short-term
Strategies
1. Manpower Development
2. Social Mobilization
3. Local Program Implementation
4. Dog Immunization
Goal
Human rabies is eliminated in the Philippines and the country is declared rabies-free
Kinds
Airborne or Canine Rabies
Transmitted by dogs
Sylvatic Rabies
Disease of wild animals and bats which sometimes spread to dogs, cats and livestock
Rabies in the Philippine Setting Mindmap
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Rabies (Hydrophobia, Lyssa)
Period of Communicability
3-10 days (rarely over 3 days) before onset of clinical signs (in dogs and cats)
throughout duration of disease
Incubation Period
2-8 weeks
May be as long as a year or several years depending on:
1. Protection provided and clothing
2. Amount of virus introduced
3. Severity of the wounds
4. Site of the wound
Distance of the wound to the brain
Cause
1. Acute viral encephalomyelitis
2. Rabies virus (rhabdovirus) genus lyssavirus
Mode of Transmission
1. Organ transplant (corneal) from dying infected person (rare)
2. Bites of a rabid animal whose saliva has the virus
3. Scratch or fresh breaks in the skin (very rare)
4. Man-to-man
5. Airborn spread in a cove with millions of bats (Rare)
Signs and Symptoms
1. Sense of apprehension
2. Headache
3. Fever
4. Sensory change near site of animal bite
5. Spasms of muscles or deglutition on attempts to swallow (fear of water/hydrophobia)
6. Paralysis
7. Delirium and Convulsions
Susceptibility and Resistance
All warm-blooded animals susceptible
Natural immunity in man is unknown
Complication leading to Death
Respiratory Paralysis
Note
Rabies immunization is free for all!
Rabies remains a problem in the Philippines
Without medical intervention, the victim would usually last for only 2-8 days.
Death is often due to respiratory paralysis
Treatment/Management/Prevention
Be a responsible pet owner:
a. Have pet immunized at 3 months of age and every year thereafter
b. Never allow pets to roam the streets
c. Take care of your pet, bathe and feed them regularly with adequate food, provide them with clean sleeping quarters
d. Your pet's action is your responsibility
Consult for rabies diagnosis and surveillance of the area
Mobilize for Community Participation
The wound must be immediately and throughly washed with soap and water (antiseptics like povidone iodine or alcohol may also be applied)
Patients might be given antibiotics and anti-tetanus immunization
Post-exposure treatment (local wound treatment, active immunization via vaccination and passive immunization via administration of rabies immunoglobulin
Active immunization/Vaccination (induces the body to develop antibodies to fight rabies for up to 3 years)
Passive immunization (Giving an antibody to an infected person to provide immediate protection against rabies (to be administered in the 1st 7 days of active immunization) (effects, however, are short-term
Strategies
1. Manpower Development
2. Social Mobilization
3. Local Program Implementation
4. Dog Immunization
Goal
Human rabies is eliminated in the Philippines and the country is declared rabies-free
Kinds
Airborne or Canine Rabies
Transmitted by dogs
Sylvatic Rabies
Disease of wild animals and bats which sometimes spread to dogs, cats and livestock
Mind Map
Outline
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