Definition: Public health surveillance refers to the long-term, continuous and systematic collection of data on public health issues among the population, obtaining important public health information after scientific analysis and interpretation, and timely feedback to the people or institutions who need the information for Guide the process of developing, refining, and evaluating public health interventions and strategies. The purpose is to provide decision-makers with decision-making basis and evaluate the effect of decision-making

Three basic characteristics or three basic tasks

Passive monitoring and active monitoring

Routine reporting and sentinel surveillance

Purpose of public health surveillance

Public Health Surveillance Applications

Infectious Disease Surveillance

Monitoring of chronic non-communicable diseases: malignant tumors, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, diabetes, mental diseases, occupational diseases, birth defects, etc.

Hospital infection surveillance: hospital-wide comprehensive surveillance, targeted surveillance, bacterial resistance surveillance and antimicrobial drug use surveillance

Cause of death monitoring: reflect the health level of the population and determine the main causes of death and disease prevention and control priorities in different periods

Monitoring methods: Monitoring based on populations, hospitals, laboratories, and cases, monitoring based on indicators and events

Surveillance methods and technologies: In addition to active surveillance and passive surveillance, routine reporting and sentinel surveillance, there are also case registration, unassociated anonymous surveillance, record connection, online collection of surveillance information, network direct reporting system, automatic early warning technology, and geographic information system wait

be careful

System collects relevant data

Manage and analyze data

Exchange of information and feedback

Utilization of information

Completeness: Diversity of monitoring content or indicators

Sensitivity: the ability to detect and identify public health problems

Specificity: the ability to rule out non-public health problems

Timeliness: the time interval from the occurrence of a public health event to the detection by the surveillance system and feedback to relevant departments

Representativeness: The extent to which the public health problems detected by the surveillance system represent the actual occurrence of the target population

Simplicity: The data collection, monitoring methods and system operation of the monitoring system are simple and easy to implement, have high work efficiency, save time and save health resources

Flexibility: Keeping pace with the times

Health economics evaluation: mainly reflected in early warning and timely treatment of diseases or events, as well as guidance on disease prevention and control and the improvement of population health levels

Positive predictive value: the proportion of true cases among the cases reported by the surveillance system

Acceptability: the degree of willingness of staff in all aspects of the monitoring system to participate in the monitoring work

Interconnection and sharing between monitoring systems: It can greatly improve the work efficiency and information utilization of each monitoring system and reduce resource waste.