Hypertension Concept Map

Hypertension
Risk Factors
Pathophysiology
Treatment
Epidemiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnosis
African American
Family History
Increased Age
Unhealthy sodium diet
Obesity
Tobacco Use
Excessive Alcohol Use
Renin-angio-aldosterone system overacts & causes
water and salt retention, leading to increased BP
Changes in sympathetic nervous system lead to
vasoconstriction and therefore increased BP
Two main causes = increased blood volume, increased peripheral vascular resistance
Anti-hypertensive medications
Dietery changes (low medium)
Exercise/Weight Loss
Smoking Cessation
Prevalence increases with age
Over one third of Americans
More common in African Americans than other populations
Elevated BP
Usually Asymtomatic
Symptoms arise from organs system
affected by sustained hypertension
Two elevated BP reading at least 2 minutes apart
on 2 separate occasions
Person must be seated, arm at heart level, no caffeine or nicotine in
prior 30 minutes
24 hour BP monitoring
CBC, UA, EKG
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