Free morphemes or roots: can appear as aword by itself.

Bound morphemes or affixes: can only appearas part of a multi-morphemic word.

Content morphemes: carry semantic content

Funtion morphemes: provide grammaticalinformation and syntactic agreement

Speech acts:  use language to accomplishcertain kinds of acts

Conversational implicature: the participants in aconversation are cooperating in an attempt toreach mutual goals. Include the maxims ofquantity, quality, relevance and manner.

Rhetorical Structure:  embrace the relationshipsof phrases inside sentences and amongsentences or groups of sentences.

Managing the flow of reference in discourse totransmit the message.

General lexicology:  is the broad study of thevocabulary.

Special lexicology: studies characteristicfeatures of the vocabulary of a specific language.

Contrastive lexicology: compares thevocabulary organization oftwo ormore languages.

Historical lexicology (etymology): studies theevolution of separate words and the vocabulary in general

Descriptive lexicology:studies the vocabulary ofa specific language at a certain stage of its development

Applied branches of lexicology: translation,lexicography, linguistic pedagogic andspeech culture.

The words meaning is given from the relations between words, concepts and things.

The symbolic function of the linguistic  sign isbased of the comunication intention of users.and the convention of its use.