Welding fumes are airborne particles and gases produced during welding processes.

Main components of welding fumes include metal oxides, gases, and vapors.

Generated during various welding processes such as arc welding, gas welding, and resistance welding.

Other sources include the base metal, fluxes, coatings, and contaminants.

Inhalation of welding fumes can lead to acute and chronic health effects.

Short-term effects include irritation of the respiratory system, eye irritation, and dizziness.

Long-term exposure can cause lung diseases, such as chronic bronchitis and occupational asthma.

Generated by the oxidation of metals during the welding process.

Common metal oxide fumes include iron oxide, manganese oxide, and chromium oxide.

Produced from the combustion of various materials during welding.

Examples include carbon monoxide, ozone, nitrogen oxides, and volatile organic compounds.

Consists of solid particles released during welding operations.

Size of particulate matter can range from coarse to ultrafine particles.

Use of local exhaust ventilation systems to capture and remove the fumes at the source.

Proper maintenance of ventilation systems to ensure their effectiveness.

Wear appropriate respiratory protection, such as respirators, to reduce inhalation of fumes.

Use protective clothing, gloves, and eye protection to prevent skin and eye contact with fumes.

Implement work practices that minimize the generation and exposure to welding fumes.

Provide training and education to workers about the hazards of welding fumes and safe work practices.