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Mindmap-Galerie 1. Introduction to operating systems

1. Introduction to operating systems

408 postgraduate entrance examination collection (operating system 1), summarizes the main functions of the operating system, OS structural design, operating system goals and functions, The development process of operating systems, etc.

Bearbeitet um 2024-03-07 14:41:06

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1. Introduction to operating systems

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1. Introduction to operating systems

3. Basic characteristics of operating systems

1. Concurrency

Difference between parallelism and concurrency

Concurrency means that processes run together macroscopically and alternately microscopically, while parallelism means running at the same time.

Introduce process

2. sharing

1. Mutually exclusive sharing method

2. Simultaneous access method

Concurrency and sharing are the two most basic features of multi-user (multi-tasking) OS. They are the conditions for the existence of each other

3. virtualvirtual

time division multiplexing technology

space division multiplexing technology

4.Asynchronous asynchronism

2. Development process of operating system

Computer system without operating system configured

Manual operation mode

Offline input/output (Off–Line I/O) mode

Single lane batch processing system

Multi-channel batch processing system

(Macro parallel, micro serial)

time sharing system

real time system

Cluster system – supercomputing ~ cloud computing

The development of microcomputer operating systems

1. Goals and functions of operating systems

Target

Convenience

effectiveness

Improve system resource utilization

Improve system throughput

Scalability

openness

effect

OS serves as the interface between the user and the computer hardware system

Command mode

System call method

Icon – Window Mode

OS implements the abstraction of computer resources

4. Main functions of the operating system

1. Processor management function

process control

Process synchronization

Process mutual exclusion mode

Process synchronization mode (collaboration)

process communication

Scheduling

job scheduling

process scheduling

2. Memory management function

memory allocation

static allocation

dynamic allocation

memory protection

Address mapping

Memory expansion

3.Device management function

Buffer management

Equipment allocation

Equipment handling

Device handler also known as device driver

4.File management function

File storage space management

Directory management

File read-write management and protection

5. Interface between operating system and user

user interface

Program interface

6. New features of modern operating systems

system security

Network features and services

Support multimedia

5.OS structure design

Traditional operating system structure

structureless operating system

Modular OS

Layered Structure OS

microkernel os structure

client/server model

object-oriented programming