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Interaction between learning and development
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Second Hand Poet
A mind map book summary for "Mind in Society: The Development of Higher Psychological Processes" of Lev Vigotsky (chapter 6)
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Interaction between learning and development
Previous conceptions
The processes of child development are independent of learning.
Learning = external process
There are processes that occur by themselves without the influence of school learning.
Development or maturation is considered a prior condition of learning but never as a result of it.
Learning is development
The learning process is completely linked to the development process.
Theories of reflexes
Development = elaboration and substitution of innate responses
Development boils down to "the accumulation of all possible answers"
There is a relationship between learning and development.
Combination of the other 2 points of view
There are two processes that constitute development
Maturation (development of the nervous system)
Learning
They are mutually dependent and interactive.
They are mutually dependent and interactive.
Starting some theories where they considered learning as something more than an "acquisition of the ability to think"
Discussion between theorists of psychology and education
Acquiring a given response improves any ability to the same extent.
"The mind is a set of abilities"
of observation
of attention
of memory
of thinking
, etc.
Thorndike opposed the idea
He demonstrated that spelling requires certain skills to perform that specific task.
He showed that the mind is not a complex network of general abilities as previously believed, but rather a set of independent specific abilities.
They are independent of each other; therefore its developments are also autonomous.
Evolutionary theorists like Koffka and the Gestalt school
They oppose Thorndike's point of view.
They postulate that the "influence" of learning is never specific; it is not a "process of acquisition of habits and skills".
Development is always much broader than learning.
The Zone Of Proximal Development : A New Approach
Every type of learning that the child finds in school always has a previous history.
2 evolutionary levels are delimited
Real evolutionary level
Level of development of mental functions, studying as a result of evolutionary cycles carried out
Zone of proximal development
Distance between the actual level of development and the potential level of development
Learning and development are interrelated from the first days of the child's life and do not stop accompanying him throughout his life.
