心智圖資源庫 急性冠狀動脈綜合症
介紹了ACS定義,類型,病因及實驗室檢查。急性冠狀動脈綜合症是指冠狀動脈內不穩定斑塊破裂導致血栓形成、栓塞或痙攣,引起冠狀動脈完全性或不完全性閉塞,從而出現與急性心肌缺血相關的一組臨床綜合徵。
編輯於2024-11-27 14:02:59Rumi: 10 dimensions of spiritual awakening. When you stop looking for yourself, you will find the entire universe because what you are looking for is also looking for you. Anything you do persevere every day can open a door to the depths of your spirit. In silence, I slipped into the secret realm, and I enjoyed everything to observe the magic around me, and didn't make any noise. Why do you like to crawl when you are born with wings? The soul has its own ears and can hear things that the mind cannot understand. Seek inward for the answer to everything, everything in the universe is in you. Lovers do not end up meeting somewhere, and there is no parting in this world. A wound is where light enters your heart.
Chronic heart failure is not just a problem of the speed of heart rate! It is caused by the decrease in myocardial contraction and diastolic function, which leads to insufficient cardiac output, which in turn causes congestion in the pulmonary circulation and congestion in the systemic circulation. From causes, inducement to compensation mechanisms, the pathophysiological processes of heart failure are complex and diverse. By controlling edema, reducing the heart's front and afterload, improving cardiac comfort function, and preventing and treating basic causes, we can effectively respond to this challenge. Only by understanding the mechanisms and clinical manifestations of heart failure and mastering prevention and treatment strategies can we better protect heart health.
Ischemia-reperfusion injury is a phenomenon that cellular function and metabolic disorders and structural damage will worsen after organs or tissues restore blood supply. Its main mechanisms include increased free radical generation, calcium overload, and the role of microvascular and leukocytes. The heart and brain are common damaged organs, manifested as changes in myocardial metabolism and ultrastructural changes, decreased cardiac function, etc. Prevention and control measures include removing free radicals, reducing calcium overload, improving metabolism and controlling reperfusion conditions, such as low sodium, low temperature, low pressure, etc. Understanding these mechanisms can help develop effective treatment options and alleviate ischemic injury.
Rumi: 10 dimensions of spiritual awakening. When you stop looking for yourself, you will find the entire universe because what you are looking for is also looking for you. Anything you do persevere every day can open a door to the depths of your spirit. In silence, I slipped into the secret realm, and I enjoyed everything to observe the magic around me, and didn't make any noise. Why do you like to crawl when you are born with wings? The soul has its own ears and can hear things that the mind cannot understand. Seek inward for the answer to everything, everything in the universe is in you. Lovers do not end up meeting somewhere, and there is no parting in this world. A wound is where light enters your heart.
Chronic heart failure is not just a problem of the speed of heart rate! It is caused by the decrease in myocardial contraction and diastolic function, which leads to insufficient cardiac output, which in turn causes congestion in the pulmonary circulation and congestion in the systemic circulation. From causes, inducement to compensation mechanisms, the pathophysiological processes of heart failure are complex and diverse. By controlling edema, reducing the heart's front and afterload, improving cardiac comfort function, and preventing and treating basic causes, we can effectively respond to this challenge. Only by understanding the mechanisms and clinical manifestations of heart failure and mastering prevention and treatment strategies can we better protect heart health.
Ischemia-reperfusion injury is a phenomenon that cellular function and metabolic disorders and structural damage will worsen after organs or tissues restore blood supply. Its main mechanisms include increased free radical generation, calcium overload, and the role of microvascular and leukocytes. The heart and brain are common damaged organs, manifested as changes in myocardial metabolism and ultrastructural changes, decreased cardiac function, etc. Prevention and control measures include removing free radicals, reducing calcium overload, improving metabolism and controlling reperfusion conditions, such as low sodium, low temperature, low pressure, etc. Understanding these mechanisms can help develop effective treatment options and alleviate ischemic injury.
急性冠狀動脈綜合症
定義
一組由急性心肌缺血引起的臨床綜合徵
類型
不穩定型心絞痛(UA)、非ST 段上升型心肌梗塞(NSTEMI)及 ST 段上升型心肌梗塞(STEMI)
病因
動脈粥狀硬化是主要的致病因素
包括發炎反應、內皮功能異常和血小板活化等
高血壓、高血脂症、吸菸、糖尿病等危險因子也增加了急性冠狀動脈症候群的風險
這些因素可以導致血管內皮功能障礙和斑塊形成
精神壓力和情緒變化也可能誘發急性冠狀動脈綜合徵
壓力會造成神經內分泌的變化,進而影響心血管系統
診斷
詳細病史和身體檢查是診斷的首要步驟
心電圖(ECG)
ST段抬高或壓低、T波倒置等異常表現提示心肌缺血或梗塞
血液生化檢查
血常規
發病24~48h,白血球增高
嗜中性球增多
嗜酸性粒細胞減少、消失
紅血球沉降率增快
C反應蛋白CRP增高
心肌損傷標記物升高
Mb
CK
CK-MB
cTn
凝血狀態改變
纖維蛋白原、D-二聚體等升高,可能有血栓形成
超音波心動圖和冠狀動脈造影等影像學檢查有助於評估動脈狹窄的程度,其中冠狀動脈造影是診斷急性冠狀動脈綜合症的“黃金標準”
應用血小板抑制劑、抗凝血劑和鎮痛等治療措施評估患者的反應