マインドマップギャラリー 核酸の化学組成と一般構造
生化学、人間の健康 第 9 版、核酸はヌクレオチドを基本単位とする生体高分子であり、複雑な空間構造を持ち、遺伝情報を伝達します。
2024-02-08 16:41:39 に編集されましたThis template, created with EdrawMind, provides a structured workflow for weekly coordination meetings focused on MEP (Mechanical, Electrical, Plumbing) pipeline layout. It follows a four-stage cycle: starting with Issue Identification (Clash Detection) to detect pipeline conflicts, moving to Meeting Agenda preparation to define discussion topics, then On-site Discussion to review and resolve issues on the construction site, and finally Resolution & Update to document solutions and track progress. This template can be reused to standardize MEP coordination processes, ensuring clear communication, efficient problem-solving, and smooth construction progress.
This template, created with EdrawMind, outlines a quarterly checklist for preparing materials for green building certification. It is divided into four sequential quarters: Q1 focuses on Basic Material Preparation, including collecting project approval documents and compiling self-assessment reports; Q2 covers Technical Data Improvement, such as organizing energy consumption calculation books and preparing green construction proof materials; Q3 involves On-site Inspection Preparation, including organizing construction process materials and verifying certification standards; and Q4 is for Formal Application, which includes completing online reporting and cooperating with expert on-site reviews. This template can be reused to systematically prepare for green building certification, ensuring all requirements are met and the process is efficient.
This template, created with EdrawMind, provides a comprehensive framework for daily monitoring of deep foundation pit construction. It covers six key monitoring areas: Retaining Wall Top Displacement, Settlement of Surrounding Buildings, Groundwater Level, Pit Bottom Heave, Support Axial Force, and Data Summary & Analysis. Each section specifies monitoring points, frequency, and warning values to ensure safety. The template can be reused to standardize monitoring practices, track structural stability, and trigger immediate alarms if warning thresholds are exceeded, thus mitigating risks during foundation pit construction.
This template, created with EdrawMind, provides a structured workflow for weekly coordination meetings focused on MEP (Mechanical, Electrical, Plumbing) pipeline layout. It follows a four-stage cycle: starting with Issue Identification (Clash Detection) to detect pipeline conflicts, moving to Meeting Agenda preparation to define discussion topics, then On-site Discussion to review and resolve issues on the construction site, and finally Resolution & Update to document solutions and track progress. This template can be reused to standardize MEP coordination processes, ensuring clear communication, efficient problem-solving, and smooth construction progress.
This template, created with EdrawMind, outlines a quarterly checklist for preparing materials for green building certification. It is divided into four sequential quarters: Q1 focuses on Basic Material Preparation, including collecting project approval documents and compiling self-assessment reports; Q2 covers Technical Data Improvement, such as organizing energy consumption calculation books and preparing green construction proof materials; Q3 involves On-site Inspection Preparation, including organizing construction process materials and verifying certification standards; and Q4 is for Formal Application, which includes completing online reporting and cooperating with expert on-site reviews. This template can be reused to systematically prepare for green building certification, ensuring all requirements are met and the process is efficient.
This template, created with EdrawMind, provides a comprehensive framework for daily monitoring of deep foundation pit construction. It covers six key monitoring areas: Retaining Wall Top Displacement, Settlement of Surrounding Buildings, Groundwater Level, Pit Bottom Heave, Support Axial Force, and Data Summary & Analysis. Each section specifies monitoring points, frequency, and warning values to ensure safety. The template can be reused to standardize monitoring practices, track structural stability, and trigger immediate alarms if warning thresholds are exceeded, thus mitigating risks during foundation pit construction.
核酸の化学組成と一般構造
核酸はヌクレオチドを基本単位とする生体高分子であり、複雑な空間構造を持ち、遺伝情報を伝達します。
核酸の基本単位
ヌクレオシド
ベース
塩基は窒素を含むハイブリッド化合物であり、プリンとピリミジンの 2 つのタイプに分類できます。
プリン
グアニン(G)、アデニン(A)
ピリミジン
ウラシル(U)、チミン(T)、シトシン(C)
ペントース
リボース
デオキシリボース
リボースはRNAに存在しますが、デオキシリボースはDNAに存在します。
塩基はグリコシド結合を介してペントース糖のC-1'に結合し、ヌクレオシドを形成します。
リン酸
核酸は、リン酸基を最も多く含む生物学的高分子であり、リン酸基は核酸に大量の負電荷を与え、正電荷を帯びたタンパク質に結合することができます。
ヌクレオシド (デオキシヌクレオシド) とリン酸はリン酸結合によって結合し、ヌクレオチド (デオキシヌクレオチド) を形成します。
ポリリン酸ヌクレオチド
NMP、NDP、NTP
環状ヌクレオチド
cAMP、cGMP、および cAMP は細胞シグナル伝達におけるセカンドメッセンジャーです
ヌクレオチドの機能
核酸の直鎖構造
核酸は、3', 5'-ホスホジエステル結合を介したヌクレオチドの重合によって形成される線状高分子です。
化学結合:ホスホジエステル結合
2つの末端: 3’-OH末端、5’-P’末端
指向性: 5'-3'
主鎖: リン酸-ペントース-リン酸-ペントース... (塩基に依存しない)
核酸の一次構造
核酸の5’末端から3’末端までの塩基配列、すなわち、核酸の5’末端から3’末端までの塩基配列。