マインドマップギャラリー PCR技術の原理と応用
分子生物学、人間の健康 第 9 版、PCR (ポリメラーゼ連鎖反応): 特定の DNA 断片を増幅するために使用される分子生物学の技術であり、生物体外での特殊な DNA 複製とみなすことができます。
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Explore the rich tapestry of Cambodia's history, from its prehistoric roots to the complexities of colonial rule. This timeline traces key periods, starting with the early farming communities and the emergence of the Funan era, a thriving trade center in the Mekong delta. It highlights the grandeur of the Angkor Empire, marked by monumental architecture and the rise of Hindu-Buddhist ideologies under rulers like Jayavarman II and Suryavarman II. Following Angkor's decline and the shift of power to post-Angkor kingdoms, the timeline delves into the French protectorate era, examining the impact of colonial rule on Cambodia's governance and cultural identity. Join us in uncovering the pivotal events that shaped this vibrant nation.
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Explore the rich tapestry of Portugal's history, from its ancient origins to its age of discoveries. This timeline highlights key periods, including the early kingdom established in 1139, the consolidation of power through the Reconquista, and the rise of the Avis dynasty amidst civil strife. Delve into the Age of Discoveries, where Portugal transformed into a global trading empire, exploring Africa, the Indian Ocean, and Brazil. Witness the emergence of plantation economies and cultural encounters shaped by missionary activities. This journey through time showcases Portugal's significant influence on global trade, navigation, and cultural exchange.
PCR技術の原理と応用
コンセプト
PCR (ポリメラーゼ連鎖反応): 特定の DNA 断片を増幅するために使用される分子生物学の技術であり、生物体外での特別な DNA 複製とみなすことができます。
特徴
高感度
高い特異性
高収量
再現可能
早くて簡単
サンプルの要件が低い
動作原理
PCRシステム
テンプレートDNA
特異的プライマー (上流および下流プライマー)
dNTP
熱安定性 DNA ポリメラーゼ (taq DNase など)
mg² バッファーを含む
蒸留水
PCRの基本的な反応手順
①ニューハーフ
反応系を95℃に加熱し、鋳型DNAを完全に一本鎖に変性させると同時に、プライマー自体およびプライマー間の局所的な二本鎖も除去します。
②焼鈍
プライマーが鋳型 DNA に結合できるように、温度を適切な温度 (通常は Tm より 5°C 低い) まで下げます。
③延長
温度が 72°C に上昇すると、DNA ポリメラーゼは dNTP を基質として使用して DNA 合成反応を触媒します。
PCR産物の解析方法
①電気泳動分析
②酵素消化分析
③ハイブリダイゼーション解析
④配列解析
⑤ 高速液体クロマトグラフィー分析
PCR技術の主な用途
① 目的の遺伝子断片を取得する
②DNA・RNAのミクロ解析
③DNA配列解析
④遺伝子変異解析
⑤試験管内での遺伝子変異
一般的に使用される PCR 技術
①逆転写PCR技術
②in situ PCR技術
③定量PCR(リアルタイムPCR技術)