心智圖資源庫 原核微生物
這是一篇關於微生物學心智圖,主要包含放線菌、 藍細菌、 古菌、細菌、其他原核微生物等。
編輯於2024-03-15 21:56:29This is a mind map about bacteria, and its main contents include: overview, morphology, types, structure, reproduction, distribution, application, and expansion. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about plant asexual reproduction, and its main contents include: concept, spore reproduction, vegetative reproduction, tissue culture, and buds. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about the reproductive development of animals, and its main contents include: insects, frogs, birds, sexual reproduction, and asexual reproduction. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about bacteria, and its main contents include: overview, morphology, types, structure, reproduction, distribution, application, and expansion. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about plant asexual reproduction, and its main contents include: concept, spore reproduction, vegetative reproduction, tissue culture, and buds. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about the reproductive development of animals, and its main contents include: insects, frogs, birds, sexual reproduction, and asexual reproduction. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
原核微生物
放線菌
革蘭氏染色結果一般為陽性
菌絲形態
基內菌絲
大多數無隔膜、不斷裂
氣生菌絲
孢子絲
繁殖
外生孢子、斷裂生殖
質地緻密、絲絨狀、乾燥、不透明、不易挑起、菌落顏色不一致等菌落特徵
藍色細菌
形態:多樣化
細胞特化:異細胞
繁殖:無性繁殖
古菌
古菌形態
古菌細胞壁
古菌與細菌和真菌的特徵比較
細菌
基本形態
桿菌
長桿菌、短桿菌
球菌
單球菌、雙球菌、鏈球菌、四鏈球菌、八疊球菌和葡萄球菌等
螺菌
螺旋不到1週的稱為弧菌
螺旋1週到6週,帶有2到6條鞭毛的稱為螺菌
螺旋6週以上,無鞭毛的稱為螺旋體
大小
常用單位:微米
細胞結構
一般結構
細胞壁
化學組成
勝肽聚醣
主要成分
磷壁酸
革蘭氏陽性細菌特有
脂多醣
革蘭氏陰性細菌特有
革蘭氏染色
革蘭氏陽性細菌:藍紫色
革蘭氏陰性細菌:紅色
細胞膜
滲透屏障、物質運輸等功能
核區與質粒
染色體DNA
染色體組織結構
質粒
細胞質及其內含物
內膜系統
特殊結構
鞭毛
結構
鞭毛絲
鞭毛鉤
基體
運動
菌毛
性菌毛
只存在於大腸桿菌與其他腸道細菌的雄株菌的表面
糖被
芽孢、伴孢晶體
芽孢形態
芽孢結構
芽孢抗熱機制
芽孢形成
細菌繁殖
裂殖
主要為二分裂繁殖
菌落
作為菌種鑑定與判斷純度的重要依據
特徵
濕潤、黏稠、易挑起、質地均勻、菌落各部位顏色一致、較滑順、惡臭味、較透明
菌苔
其他原核微生物
立克次氏體
支原體
衣原體
螺旋體