心智圖資源庫 醣類化學
這是一篇關於醣類化學的心智圖,主要內容包括:分類,概念。醣類是由碳、氫、氧三種元素組成的有機化合物,是多羥基醛或多羥基酮及其縮聚物和某些衍生物的總稱。
編輯於2024-10-09 23:00:38Dive into the world of the Chinese animated film Nezha 2: The Devil's Birth! This knowledge map, created with EdrawMind, provides a detailed analysis of main characters, symbolic elements, and their cultural significance, offering deep insights into the film's storytelling and design.
This is a mindmap about Nezha 2, exploring its political metaphors and cultural references. The diagram highlights the symbolism behind the Dragon Clan’s suppression, drawing parallels to modern geopolitical conflicts and propaganda manipulation. It also details Chinese historical and cultural elements embedded in the film, such as the Jade Void Palace, Ao Bing’s armor, Taiyi Zhenren’s magic weapon, and Nezha’s hairstyle.
This is a mindmap about the main characters of Nezha 2, detailing their backgrounds, conflicts, and symbolic meanings. It explores the personal struggles and transformations of Nezha, Ao Bing, Shen Gongbao, and Li Jing as they navigate themes of rebellion, duty, ambition, and sacrifice.
Dive into the world of the Chinese animated film Nezha 2: The Devil's Birth! This knowledge map, created with EdrawMind, provides a detailed analysis of main characters, symbolic elements, and their cultural significance, offering deep insights into the film's storytelling and design.
This is a mindmap about Nezha 2, exploring its political metaphors and cultural references. The diagram highlights the symbolism behind the Dragon Clan’s suppression, drawing parallels to modern geopolitical conflicts and propaganda manipulation. It also details Chinese historical and cultural elements embedded in the film, such as the Jade Void Palace, Ao Bing’s armor, Taiyi Zhenren’s magic weapon, and Nezha’s hairstyle.
This is a mindmap about the main characters of Nezha 2, detailing their backgrounds, conflicts, and symbolic meanings. It explores the personal struggles and transformations of Nezha, Ao Bing, Shen Gongbao, and Li Jing as they navigate themes of rebellion, duty, ambition, and sacrifice.
醣類化學
概念
多羥醛或多羥酮及其縮聚物和某些衍生物的總稱
分類
單醣
結構
鍊式結構
D型及L型:-OH在甘油醇的不對稱原子右邊者為D型,在左邊者為L型
環狀結構
單醣的α型和β型:醣分子的半縮醛羥基和分子末端-CH2OH鄰近不對稱碳原子的-OH在碳鏈同側的稱α型,在異側的稱β型
椅式與船式構象
構型:共價鍵斷裂;構形:一個有機化合物結構中一切原子沿著共價鍵轉動而產生的不同空間結構
性質
物理性質
旋光性:一切單醣(除二羥丙酮外)都還有不對稱原子,所以都有炫光的能力
變旋性
甜度
化學性質
由醛,酮基產生的性質:單醣的醛基,酮基可被氧化,還原及起成脎作用
單醣的氧化:含有自由基或酮基,在鹼性環境中,醛基,酮基即變成非常活潑的烯二醇,具有還原性,能還原金屬離子,同時糖本身被氧化成糖酸及其他產物
單醣的還原:醛基與酮基能被氫還原成醇
單醣的成脎作用
由羥基產生的性質
成酯作用:單醣的全部-OH皆可與酸結合成酯
成苷作用
脫水作用
氨基化
寡糖
二塘
蔗糖
物理性質:白色結晶,易溶於水,有甜味,有炫光作用,比旋光度 66.5
化學性質:無還原作用
麥芽糖
乳糖
其他二糖
三糖:還原性三糖;非還原三糖
多醣
澱粉
結構:,天然澱粉為顆粒狀,外層為支鏈澱粉,內層為直鏈澱粉
性質:直鏈澱粉在冷水中不溶解,略溶於熱水,遇碘呈藍色;支鏈澱粉易吸收水分,吸水後膨脹成糊狀,遇碘呈紫紅色
肝醣
纖維素
醣胺聚醣
玻尿酸
硫酸軟骨素
硫酸皮膚素
硫酸角質素
肝素
細菌多醣
勝肽聚醣
磷壁酸
塘綴合物
糖生物學
由2~10分子的單醣以糖苷鍵連接而成