MindMap Gallery stomach ache
This is a mind map about abdominal pain, including causes, mechanisms, clinical manifestations, accompanying symptoms, etc. Hope this helps!
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stomach ache
Cause
Acute abdominal pain
Acute inflammation of abdominal organs
Acute pancreatitis, acute hemorrhagic necrotizing enteritis, acute cholecystitis, acute appendicitis, etc
Blockage or dilation of hollow organs
Intestinal obstruction, intussusception, bile duct stones, urinary system stones
Torsion or rupture of organs
Intestinal volvulus, cunning intestinal obstruction, gastrointestinal perforation
Peritoneal inflammation
Mostly caused by gastrointestinal perforation
Intra-abdominal vascular obstruction
Abdominal aortic aneurysm and portal vein thrombosis
Abdominal wall disease
Referred abdominal pain caused by chest disease
Pulmonary infarction, myocardial infarction, angina pectoris
Abdominal pain caused by systemic diseases
Abdominal Henoch-Schonlein Purpura, Diabetic Ketoacidosis
Chronic abdominal pain
Chronic inflammation of abdominal organs
Chronic gastritis, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease
Gastrointestinal motility disorders
Functional dyspepsia
Gastric and duodenal ulcer
Abdominal organ torsion or obstruction
Gastrointestinal volvulus, 12-denal obstruction
Stretch of organ capsule
Liver congestion, hepatitis, liver abscess, liver cancer
Poisoning and metabolic disorders
Lead poisoning, uremia
Tumor compression and invasion
Mechanism
Visceral abdominal pain
The pain signal to an organ in the abdomen is caused by sympathetic nerves transmitted to the spinal cord
Features
The location of the pain is not exact, close to the midline of the abdomen
The pain is vague. Mostly cramps, discomfort, dull pain, burning pain
Often accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and bleeding
Somatic abdominal pain
Features
Accurate positioning, can be on one side of the abdomen
Severe and persistent
Localized abdominal muscle rigidity may occur
Abdominal pain can be aggravated by coughing and changes in posture
referred pain
Features
Clear positioning
severe pain
Tenderness, muscle tension and hyperesthesia
Clinical manifestations
Abdominal pain area
Diseases of the stomach, duodenum and pancreas cause pain mostly in the mid and upper abdomen
Cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, and liver abscess are usually located in the right upper abdomen
Acute appendicitis at McBurney's point in the right lower abdomen
Small intestinal diseases mostly occur in the navel
Colon diseases are mostly in the lower abdomen or left lower abdomen
Cystitis, odor pregnancy rupture pain also in the lower abdomen
Predisposing factors
Eating greasy food before the onset of cholecystitis or cholelithiasis
Acute pancreatitis attacks are often preceded by alcoholism and overeating
Abdominal pain nature and extent
Sudden severe knife-like or burning pain in the upper abdomen is a sign of perforated gastric or duodenal ulcer
Persistent dull pain or knife-like pain in the upper abdomen, which worsens in paroxysms, is mostly acute pancreatitis
Dull or dull pain, mostly visceral pain, distension and pain may be caused by stretching of the capsule of solid organs
Cholelithiasis or urinary system stones often cause paroxysmal colic, and patients with severe pain are restless
Paroxysmal subxiphoid pain is a typical manifestation of biliary ascariasis
Colic is mostly caused by spasm, expansion or obstruction of hollow organs
Time of onset
Pain after meals may be due to bile and pancreatic disease, gastric ulcers or indigestion
Periodic, rhythmic upper abdominal pain, seen in gastric and duodenal ulcer
Endometriosis abdominal pain, related to menstrual cramps
Relationship with posture
Gastric mucosal prolapse, pain relieved when the patient lies on his left side
The pain in patients with pancreatic cancer is obvious when they are in the supine position, and is relieved when they lean forward or lie prone
In patients with reflux esophagitis, the burning pain is more obvious when the body leans forward and is relieved when the body is upright
12. Patients with intestinal obstruction can relieve abdominal pain and vomiting by using the knee-chest position or lying position
Accompanying symptoms
Chills with fever
Indicates the presence of inflammation, seen in acute biliary tract infection, cholecystitis, and liver abscess
With jaundice
May be related to hepatobiliary and pancreatic diseases, acute hemolytic anemia
Anemia accompanied by shock
Rupture of abdominal organs, such as liver, spleen, or ectopic pregnancy
In patients without anemia, gastrointestinal perforation, intestinal volvulus, and acute hemorrhagic necrotizing pancreatitis are seen.
Acid reflux with vomiting
It indicates esophageal and gastrointestinal lesions, and large vomiting indicates gastrointestinal obstruction
Acid reflux and belching may indicate gastroduodenal ulcer or gastritis
With diarrhea
Digestive and absorptive disorders
With hematuria
Urinary system stones