心智圖資源庫 血液標本採集與處理
血液的生理概論及血液標本採集,主要包含組成、 生理特性、 功能、標本採集、 添加劑等。
編輯於2024-03-12 11:21:09This is a mind map about bacteria, and its main contents include: overview, morphology, types, structure, reproduction, distribution, application, and expansion. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about plant asexual reproduction, and its main contents include: concept, spore reproduction, vegetative reproduction, tissue culture, and buds. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about the reproductive development of animals, and its main contents include: insects, frogs, birds, sexual reproduction, and asexual reproduction. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about bacteria, and its main contents include: overview, morphology, types, structure, reproduction, distribution, application, and expansion. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about plant asexual reproduction, and its main contents include: concept, spore reproduction, vegetative reproduction, tissue culture, and buds. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about the reproductive development of animals, and its main contents include: insects, frogs, birds, sexual reproduction, and asexual reproduction. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
血液標本採集與處理
組成
血漿(55%)
血液自然凝固後沉澱的淡黃透明清亮的液體稱為血清
缺ⅠⅡⅤⅧ,含Ⅸ、Ⅹ、Ⅺ、Ⅻ
血液加入抗凝血劑後沉澱的淡黃透明清亮的液體稱為血漿
有形成分
血塵
血球(45%)
紅血球(RBC)
白血球(WBC)
嗜酸性粒細胞(E)
嗜鹼性球(B)
嗜中性白血球(N)
中性桿狀核球(Nst)
中性分葉核粒細胞(Nsg)
血小板(PLT)
生理特性
顏色
鮮紅色
動脈血
暗紅色
靜脈血
櫻桃紅色
CO中毒
血量
6%-8%或(70±10)ml/kg
懸浮穩定性
黏度
取決於Hct和血漿蛋白濃度
生理食鹽水4-5倍
比重
全血比重:1.050-1.060
取決於紅血球濃度
血漿比重:1.025-1.030
取決於血漿蛋白濃度
紅血球比重:1.090
取決於所含血紅素濃度
滲透壓
取決於血漿中溶質的摩爾濃度
290-310mmol/(kg.H2O)
PH
7.35-7.45
功能
運輸
調節
維持內環境穩定
防禦
標本採集
方法
末梢採血法
部位
左手無名指或中指
用途
子主題
<0.1ml
順序
PLT-RBC-Hb-WBC-DC
靜脈採血法
部位
肘前靜脈
順序
血液培養-凝血、血沉-血沉-血清-肝素-血液常規-抑製糖解管
動脈採血法
部位
橈動脈
用途
血氣分析
添加劑
分離膠
促凝劑
抗凝血劑
枸櫞酸鹽
去除鈣離子
血沉(1:4)
凝血(1:9)
血液保養液
EDTA
去除鈣離子
CBC:EDTA-K2
不適用血小板功能及凝血像
肝素
抗凝血酶Ⅲ
血球容積比、紅血球滲透脆性
不適用CBC、血液塗片染色檢查
雙草酸鹽
去除鈣離子
草酸鉀使RBC縮小
不適用血小板計數、白血球計數