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Morphology, word formation and lexicology

Morphology, word formation and lexicology
Lexicology: deals with vocabulary of the
language and the property of words as
basic units of the language.
Syntax: is the study of the formation of
sentences.
Semantics: is the study of the relation
between form and meaning.
The words meaning is given from the relations between words, concepts and things.
Referential theories of meaning: meaning is
reference to facts or objects in the world,
that is the denotation relation
Truth-conditional theory of semantics: to know the meaning of a declarative sentence is to know what the world would have to
be like for the sentence to be true. To give the meaning of a sentence is to specify its truth conditions,
The model-theoretic semantics: refers to models
or structures. The worlds that can be construed
in terms of abstract mathematical entities are
called model.s
Cognitive and conceptual semantic theories: are
concerned with words that describe concepts
that have no clear category boundaries and
whose members do not have an equal status.
Fillmore: words and other linguistic units
up to the sentence level are interpreted against
the background of Frames. A frame is a 
structure of inferences, linked by linguistic
convention to the meanings of linguistic unit.
The symbolic function of the linguistic  sign is
based of the comunication intention of users.
and the convention of its use.
Pragmatics:  is the study of how people
do things with words.
Speech acts:  use language to accomplish
certain kinds of acts
Direct speech acts:  1) Assertion; 2) Question; 3)
Orders and requests. Can include performative
verbs.
Indirect Speech Acts: not referring to literal
meaning.
Conversational implicature: the participants in a
conversation are cooperating in an attempt to
reach mutual goals. Include the maxims of
quantity, quality, relevance and manner.
Rhetorical Structure:  embrace the relationships
of phrases inside sentences and among
sentences or groups of sentences.
Managing the flow of reference in discourse to
transmit the message.
Morphology: is the study of the basic
building blocks of meaning in
language, morphemes.
Free morphemes or roots: can appear as a
word by itself.
Bound morphemes or affixes: can only appear
as part of a multi-morphemic word.
Derivational morphemes: create new words
Inflectional morphemes: make minor
grammatical changes.
Prefixes
Suffixes
Infixes
Content morphemes: carry semantic content
Funtion morphemes: provide grammatical
information and syntactic agreement
General lexicology:  is the broad study of the
vocabulary.
Special lexicology: studies characteristic
features of the vocabulary of a specific language.
Contrastive lexicology: compares the
vocabulary organization oftwo or
more languages.
Historical lexicology (etymology): studies the
evolution of separate words and the vocabulary in general
Descriptive lexicology:studies the vocabulary of
a specific language at a certain stage of its development
Applied branches of lexicology: translation,
lexicography, linguistic pedagogic and
speech culture.
Intensional semantics refers to the Truth-conditional semantics that is enriched with possible worlds: 1) hypothetical conditional sentences; 2) counterfactual conditional sentences.
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author vip Captain O Captain
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