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general surgery
chronic asthma
denture
congestive heart failure
Hepatitis
nursing management for dextroa
development of a virtual platform
autonomic nervous system
Systems of Human Body
Fruit for Patient
hypertension
by ali ahmed
renin angiotensin aldosteronesystem
treatment
life style modification
Weight
maintain normal body weight
Diet
rich in fruits ,vegetables ,grains , low fatdairy products ...low in fat , cholesterol andsodium
Salt
reduce dietary sodium to nomore than 2.4 g/day
Exercise
walking (30 min/day)
Alcohol
limit to no more than 2drinks/day for men & 1 drink forwomen
Drugs
ACE inhibitors
lower arteriolar resistance andincrease venous capactianceprofound
hypotension after first dosecauses mild dry mouth
C/I : in renal artery stenosis
Check renal function after everychange of dose
EX: Capoten & Enalapril
ARBs
directly cause vasodilataion&reduce secretion ofaldosterone
used with patients whocannot tolerate ACEinhibitors
Ex: losartan
CCBs
causes of arteriolar dilatation andreduces force of cardiac contraction
S.E : headache , sweating ,dizziness
Ex: Amlodipine , diltiazem
Diuretics
thaizide
inhibit Na/Cl Co-transport
affect serum cholesterol&glucose level
S.E: low K
Ex: chlorothaizide
Manifestations
Headache
Vision changes
Dizziness
Chest pain
Confusion
Nausea
Sweating
Normal range
<130/<85 mmHg
Risk Factors
Age & Sex
Environmental
High Na intake
High K intake
Potassium helps balance theamount of sodium in your cells
low Ca intake
Obesity
Tobacco usage
Stress
Family & Genetics
complications
cardiovascular disease
myocardial infarction
Angina
Heart Failure
atherosceleroses
cerebrovascular disease
cerebral hemorrage
Brain attack
kidney disease
kidney failure
end stage renal disease
retinal damage