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Fungi

Fungi
other characteristics
once classified as plants
cell wall
grow best in
warm
humid
tropical
in between toes
can be both large or small
15 hectares in washington
600 hectares in Washington
Fungi and Plants
some fungi interact with plant roots
form mycorrhizae
80% of plants develop
symbiosis
fungus --> glucose
plant --> nutrients
lady's slipper is dependant
fossilized fungus
460 million year old rock
forms association w/ plant roots
enabled algae to move onto land
types
club
mushroom
basidium
sac
ascus
U.S. Sac (100%)
mostly many celled
yeast
singlecelled
reproduce sexually
zygote fungi
sporangium
spore case
bread
lichens
made of a fungus and an alga/cyanobacterium
symbiosis
cyanobacterium/alga --> home
"rent"
fungus --> glucose
importance
food source
caribou
musk oxen
deer
various woodland critters
erode rocks/form soil
monitor pollution levels
imperfect fungi
no evidence of sexual reproduction
reproduce asexually only
ringworms/athlete's foot
penicillium
eliminates competition
Structure
hyphae
manycelled
threadlike tubes
produce enzymes
digestion happens on the outside
break down
fungal cells absorb
most are manycelled
most are saprophytic
What are
mushrooms
yeast
bread
mold
in bread
mildew
shower curtains
reproduction
two genetically different hyphae conect
meiosis occurs
spores form
waterproof
reproductive cell
Origin
fossil record
not too helpful
maybe algae
likely
flagellated protists
slime molds
Importance
food
foods made using fungi
cheese
bread (yeasts)
wild may be poisonous
agriculture
cause disease in crops
Dutch Elm
Apple scab
ergot disease of rye
smuts/rust
cause billions in crop damage
Health/Medicine
can cause disease
ringworm/athlete
skin infections
imperfect bacteria
can also cause respiratory infections
positive effects
some naturally produce antibiotics
cyclosplorine
fight body's rejection of transplanted organs
derived from fungi
saprophytes
produce soil
nature's recyclers
economic effects
Irish potato famine
almost wiped out French wine
562 3
author vip Study Smarter
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