Seperation of Mixtures

Lord PradNova

This is about Seperation of Substances(Chemistry) and I have written all about it.

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Outline

Separation of Mixtures

Methods of Seperation

1) Winnowing

Process of separating husk from grain

On a windy day, stand on a platform and allow the mixture to drop from a pan slowly.

The wind carries the husk forward and the grains fall down as they are heavy

2) Handpicking

Visible unwanted particles are removed by hand

Remove particles guided by vision as they look different

3) Sieving

Seperating the particles of different sizes by using a sieve is called sieving

You use a sieve which has holes to sieve the unwanted particles or the wanted particles into a different bowl, leaving the unwanted particles in the other bowl

4) Sedimentation and Decantation

Sedimentation

The method of seperation of insoluble solids by allowing it to stand still, such thar the insoluble solids settle at the base of the vessel is called Sedimentation.

Sedimentation is to let unwanted solids to settle down when in a liquid

When impurities have settled down, the liquid which is clean at the top is called supernatant liquid

And the impurities are called Sediment

Decantion

The process of pouring off as much clear liquid as far as possible without disturbing the sediment is called decantation.

When all the impurities have settled, we carefully transfer the supernatatant liquid into another bowl

Without disturbing the sediment

The supernatant liquid has very less impurities

People usually filter the liquid too while decanting the mixture

5) Filtration

The process of seperation of insoluble constituents of a mixture from the liquid constituent by passing the mixture through a material is called Filtration.

The clear liquid obtained from the process of filtration is called Filtrate

The material used to filter the mixture is called Filter Paper

The remains of the mixture which is still on the filter paper is called Residue

6) Evaporation

The process when we heat the mixture of a insoluble solid and a liquid to the liquid's boiling point to get the solid

The solid will be seperated

7) Distillation

The process of seperating a mixture of insoluble solid and liquid when we want the liquid.

We boil the liquid and then condense it into another bowl.

The whole process is basically evaporation, condensing then precipitating the liquid

8) Sublimation

When we boil a mixture to make the solid sublimate by heating and making sure that the other solid is not affected

The other solid may burn so we have to make sure not

9) Centrifugation

The process of spinning a mixture so much that it gets seperated

We use this process to seperate blood samples

10) Magnetic Separation

The process when you need to seperate a magnetic substance from another substance.

Using a magnet to seperate the magnetic substance will get the magnetic substance away from the other

Hence, they get seperated