BIO MIND MAP

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
STRUCTURES IN THE SYSTEM
NOSE & MOUTH
TRACHEA
BRONCHI
ALVEOLI
RESPIRATION
TYPES OF RESPIRATION
AEROBIC RESPIRATION
ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION
GAS EXCHANGE IN THE LUNGS
BREATHING MOVEMENTS
INSPIRATION (BREATHING IN)
EXPIRATION (BREATHING OUT)
DEFINTION
FUNCTIONS
CONTRACTING MUSCLES FOR MOVEMENT
PRODUCING PROTEIN MOLECULES
THE DIVISION OF CELLS TO REPAIR DAMAGED TISSUES
ACTIVE TRANSPORT TO TRANSPORT SUBSTANCES UP A CELL MEMBRANE'S CONCENTRATION GRADIENTS
TRANSMITTING NERVE IMPULSES TO TRANSFER INFORMATION BETWEEN BODY PARTS
PRODUCE HEAT IN BODY FOR WARMTH
... THE PROCESS/ACT OF INHALING AND EXHALING AIR IN ORDER TO EXCHANGE CARBON DIOXIDE WITH OXYGEN AKA ENERGY NEEDED BY THE BODY
USES OXYGEN
NO ALCOHOL/LACTIC ACID FORMED
HEFTY AMOUNT OF ENERGY EXPELLED FROM EACH GLUCOSE MOLECULE
CARBON DIOXIDE PRODUCED
DOESN'T UTILISE OXYGEN
ALCOHOL (IN YEAST/PLANTS) OR LACTIC ACID (IN ANIMALS) ARE MANUFACTURED AS A PRODUCT
GLUCOSE MOLECULES RELEASE LESSER ENERGY
CARBON DIOXIDE IS PRODUCED BY YEAST AND PLANTS BUT NOT BY ANIMALS
OXYGEN (WASTE PRODUCT OF PLANTS) IS OBTAINED BY ANIMALS/HUMANS FROM THEIR SURROUNDINGS
CIRCUMSTANCE SPECIFICITIES DURING EXCHANGE
SURFACES MUST BE THIN FOR QUICK DIFFUSION
EFFICIENT TRANSPORT TO AND FROM EXCHANGE AREA
LARGE SURFACE AREA
GOOD SUPPLY OF OXYGEN
WHERE AIR ENTERS BODY
NOSE HAS HAIRS TO FILTER OUT DUST PARTICLES
PATHWAY CONNECTED TO NOSE/MOUTH
CARTILAGE PIECE ON TOP CALLED EPIGLOTTIS
CLOSES TRACHEA WHEN SWALLOWING AS REFLEX
VOICE BOX/LARYNX CONTAINS VOCAL CHORDS
TIGHTENED BY MUSCLES TO MAKE SOUNDS WHEN AIR PASSES
HAS MANY CARTILAGE RINGS SURROUNDING IT TO KEEP IT OPEN
THORAX (UPPER PART OF BODY FROM NECK DOWN TO RIBS) CONNECTED TO TRACHEA (THAT IS THEN DIVIDED INTO TWO)
LEFT BRONCHI
RIGHT BRONCHI
LUNG
BRANCHES OUT INTO SMALLER TUBES CALLED BRONCHIOLE
LUNG
BRANCHES OUT INTO SMALLER TUBES CALLED BRONCHIOLE
OXYGEN DIFFUSES ACROSS ALVEOLI WALLS INTO THE BLOOD (CARBON DIOXIDE DIFFUSES THE OTHER WAY) VIA CAPILLARIES
DIAPHRAGM MUSCLES CONTRACT DOWNWARDS (INCREASES THORAX'S VOLUME)
EXTERNAL INTERCOSTAL MUSCLES CONTACT; PULLS RIB CAGE UPWARDS/OUTWARDS (ALSO INCREASES THORAX'S VOLUME)
THORAX VOLUME INCREASES, PRESSURE INSIDE IT FALLS AND MAKES EXTRA SPACE FOR AIR TO RUSH IN ALONG TRACHEA AND BRONCHI TO THE LUNGS
DIAPHRAGM MUSCLES RELAX UPWARDS (DECREASES THORAX'S VOLUME)
EXTERNAL INTERCOSTAL MUSCLES RELAX; RIB CAGE DROPS TO ORIGINAL POSITION (ALSO DECREASES THORAX'S VOLUME)
RELAXING MUSCLES SOMETIMES REQUIRE A FORCEFUL WAY OF BREATHING OUT (E.G. COUGHING, SNEEZING) WHICH CAUSES INTERCOSTAL AND ABDOMEN WALL MUSCLES TO CONTRACT, AND RIB CAGE TO DROP DOWN FURTHER.
... SERIES OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS WHICH HAPPEN IN ALL LIVING CELLS, IN WHICH FOOD IS BROKEN DOWN TO RELEASE ENERGY VIA COMBINING WITH OXYGEN
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