WHERE AIR ENTERS BODY

NOSE HAS HAIRS TO FILTER OUT DUST PARTICLES

PATHWAY CONNECTED TO NOSE/MOUTH

CARTILAGE PIECE ON TOP CALLED EPIGLOTTIS

VOICE BOX/LARYNX CONTAINS VOCAL CHORDS

HAS MANY CARTILAGE RINGS SURROUNDING IT TO KEEP IT OPEN

THORAX (UPPER PART OF BODY FROM NECK DOWN TO RIBS) CONNECTED TO TRACHEA (THAT IS THEN DIVIDED INTO TWO)

AEROBIC RESPIRATION

ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION

... THE PROCESS/ACT OF INHALING AND EXHALING AIR IN ORDER TO EXCHANGE CARBON DIOXIDE WITH OXYGEN AKA ENERGY NEEDED BY THE BODY

... SERIES OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS WHICH HAPPEN IN ALL LIVING CELLS, IN WHICH FOOD IS BROKEN DOWN TO RELEASE ENERGY VIA COMBINING WITH OXYGEN

CONTRACTING MUSCLES FOR MOVEMENT

PRODUCING PROTEIN MOLECULES

THE DIVISION OF CELLS TO REPAIR DAMAGED TISSUES

ACTIVE TRANSPORT TO TRANSPORT SUBSTANCES UP A CELL MEMBRANE'S CONCENTRATION GRADIENTS

TRANSMITTING NERVE IMPULSES TO TRANSFER INFORMATION BETWEEN BODY PARTS

PRODUCE HEAT IN BODY FOR WARMTH

SURFACES MUST BE THIN FOR QUICK DIFFUSION

EFFICIENT TRANSPORT TO AND FROM EXCHANGE AREA

LARGE SURFACE AREA

GOOD SUPPLY OF OXYGEN

DIAPHRAGM MUSCLES CONTRACT DOWNWARDS (INCREASES THORAX'S VOLUME)

EXTERNAL INTERCOSTAL MUSCLES CONTACT; PULLS RIB CAGE UPWARDS/OUTWARDS (ALSO INCREASES THORAX'S VOLUME)

THORAX VOLUME INCREASES, PRESSURE INSIDE IT FALLS AND MAKES EXTRA SPACE FOR AIR TO RUSH IN ALONG TRACHEA AND BRONCHI TO THE LUNGS

DIAPHRAGM MUSCLES RELAX UPWARDS (DECREASES THORAX'S VOLUME)

EXTERNAL INTERCOSTAL MUSCLES RELAX; RIB CAGE DROPS TO ORIGINAL POSITION (ALSO DECREASES THORAX'S VOLUME)

RELAXING MUSCLES SOMETIMES REQUIRE A FORCEFUL WAY OF BREATHING OUT (E.G. COUGHING, SNEEZING) WHICH CAUSES INTERCOSTAL AND ABDOMEN WALL MUSCLES TO CONTRACT, AND RIB CAGE TO DROP DOWN FURTHER.