Natural dye beetroot

Kimberly Pereira

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Natural Dye - Beetroot

Description of beetroot

Binomial name - Beta vulgaris

Scientific Classification- Kingdom: Plantae Division: Magnoliophyta Class:Magnoliopsida Order : Caryophyllales Family :Chenopodiaceae Genis:Beta Species: vulgaris

Colour - Beetroot has a wide range of colours from purple - pink and reddish -orange to a brownish tone.

Active colour components of beet - The colour of beet is caused due to the red-violet pigment known as betalain.

Properties of betalain pigment-

Water soluble pigments , Contains nitrogen , Aromatic indole derivatives synthesized from tryosine, Glycoside and consits of a sugar and a coloured portion.

Botanical Description : The beetroot , commonly called the beet is a biennial plant that produces seeds in the second year of growth and is usually grown as an annual for the fleshy root and young leaves.

Etymology - The beet is derived from the wild beet or sea beet which grows on the coasts of Eurasia.

Common names of beet : beetroot, chard, European sugar beet , red garden beet, Harvard beet , blood turnip , maangelwurzel , mangel and spinach beet.

Nutritional Aspects- 1 cup of raw beets contains: 58 Calories 2g Protein 13g Carbohydrate 0g Total Fat 4g Fiber 9g Sugars 106mg sodium

It also contains : Folate (vitamin B90, Manganese , Potassium,Iron , Vitamin C, A, E and phytp-nutrients. The highest levels of vitamins and nutrients are available when the vegetables are eaten raw.

Applications of beet as a natural dye

This dyes are been used for industrial red food colorants for improving the color of sauces and tomato paste , jams and jellies , desserts and breakfast cereals.

In making of beetroot wine , beetroot crisps , and colouring for pasta.

Used in making natural clothing dye

Used as a natural hair dye at home

There are plans in the United Kingdom by BP & Associated British Foods to produce biobutanol an alternative fuel from surpluses of agriculture sugar beets.

Pickled beets are popular , not only because they taste good, but the pigment stabilizes in acidic conditions such as vinegar and the beets retain their bright red color.

Origin of the beet

Beets are believed to originate along the coats of the Mediterranean (sea beets) and were first cultivated for their edible leaves.

The Greeks , like the Romans , cultivated beets for their leaves , but ate them as food and called them teutlon or teutlion . These beets were white or black and became known as Roman beets.

Now the beets are more commonly deep red, although there are white and yellow varieties available .

The Shakers were among the first commercial seed growers . They sold seeds in "papers" and started a tradition of commercial seed growing and selling. Later home gardening became popular and necessary in the early 19th century , seed catalogs and mail order became an economical way to buy seeds.