心智圖資源庫 生理學血液循環心智圖
關於生理學血液循環心智圖,總結了血管生理、心血管活動的調節等知識點。有需要的朋友趕快收藏吧!
編輯於2024-03-01 23:18:18This is a mind map about bacteria, and its main contents include: overview, morphology, types, structure, reproduction, distribution, application, and expansion. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about plant asexual reproduction, and its main contents include: concept, spore reproduction, vegetative reproduction, tissue culture, and buds. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about the reproductive development of animals, and its main contents include: insects, frogs, birds, sexual reproduction, and asexual reproduction. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about bacteria, and its main contents include: overview, morphology, types, structure, reproduction, distribution, application, and expansion. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about plant asexual reproduction, and its main contents include: concept, spore reproduction, vegetative reproduction, tissue culture, and buds. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about the reproductive development of animals, and its main contents include: insects, frogs, birds, sexual reproduction, and asexual reproduction. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
血液循環2
血管生理
血壓
動脈血壓
概念:血液對血管側壁的壓強 收縮壓SP:心室收縮中期血壓達最高值100~120mmHg 舒張壓DP:舒張末期動脈血壓達最低值的血壓60~80mmHg 脈壓PP:平均值≈DP 1/3 SP 30~40mmHg
生理波動:1.晝夜(8~10am,4~8pm最高,2~3am最低) 2.運動(SP升高明顯) 3.年齡性別(更年期後男女差異不大)
形成條件
1.足夠的血液充盈(前提條件,平均充盈壓≈7mmHg) 2.心臟射血(必要條件) 3.外周阻力 4.主動脈,大動脈彈性貯藏作用
影響因素
靜脈血壓
影響因素:(1.射血量2.回心血量) 1.體循環充盈壓↑,回心血量↑ 2.心臟收縮能力 3.體位 4.骨骼肌擠壓 5.呼吸運動
肺循環
迂迴通路
阻力大,流速慢,利於物質交換
保證一部分血液迅速經過微循環回心,少量物質交換
環境T升高時開放,增加散熱
組織液
有效濾過壓EFP=(毛細血管血壓 組織液膠體滲透壓)-(組織液靜水壓 血漿膠體滲透壓)
1.有效流體滲透壓 2.有效膠體滲透壓 3.血管壁通透性 4.淋巴回流
心血管活動的調節
心臟神經調節
交感神經
心肌細胞膜上β1(可被美托洛爾阻斷) 1.PKA->L型Ca2 通道開放速率↑ ->慢反應細胞0期去極化↑ 2.PKA->L型Ca2 通道開放速率↑ ->平台期Ca2 內流↑ ->肌漿網Ca2 釋放
迷走神經
血管神經支配
NE->a->收縮 ->β2->舒張
心血管反射
頸動脈竇和主動脈弓壓力感受器
頸動脈竇和主動脈弓壓力感受器位置
原理: (血壓↓則感受器的衝動減小)
特點:
意義:
體液調節
腎素-血管張力素系統(RSA)
構成
作用:
血管張力素Ⅱ作用: (血管張力素Ⅲ與Ⅱ相似,但縮血管效應弱,醛固酮釋放多)
NE和E
E:
NE: 縮血管效應導致的對P的抑製作用大於NE對P的促進作用
血管升壓素: (最強升壓物質) 但會提高壓力感受器反射的敏感性,當升壓作用>10倍抗利尿作用時產生效應