This is a Mind Map Of CPR. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is an emergency procedure that combines chest compressions with artificial ventilation to maintain brain function until further measures are done to restore spontaneous blood circulation and breathing in a person who has had a cardiac arrest. It's suggested for people who are unresponsive and have no or abnormal breathing, such as agonal respirations. Adults should have their chests compressed between 5 cm (2.0 in) and 6 cm (2.4 in) deep and at a rate of at least 100 to 120 per minute during CPR. The rescuer can also administer artificial ventilation by exhaling air into the subject's mouth or nose (mouth-to-mouth resuscitation) or pushing air into the subject's lungs with a device (mechanical ventilation). Current guidelines prioritize early and high-quality chest compressions over artificial ventilation; for novice rescuers, a simplified CPR procedure including simply chest compressions is advised. However, current American Heart Association guidelines suggest that doing just compressions on children may potentially worsen results, because such difficulties in children are more likely to be caused by respiratory issues than cardiac ones, given their young age. In adults, the chest compression to breathing ratio is fixed at 30 to 2. CPR alone is unlikely to bring the heart back to life. Its primary goal is to reestablish a partial supply of oxygenated blood to the brain and heart. The goal is to postpone tissue death and lengthen the window of opportunity for a successful resuscitation without causing lasting brain damage. You can see more mind map templates that shows everything people want to express in EdrawMind's community.
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cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)
1. Definition
CPR stands for CardioPulmonary Resuscitation, an emergency procedure that is a combination of chest compressions and artificial ventilation (breathing) used to save a person’s life when a person’s heart stops beating or breathing ceases. When performed right away, CPR can increase a person’s chances of survival after cardiac arrest.
2. Assess for signs of life or response
A – Airway
Look, listen, feel for patency/added noises
Optimise head position
Consider simple airway manoeuvres (head-tilt chin-lift or jaw thrust)
Suction secretions/blood/vomit
B – Breathing
Look for chest rise and fall and auscultate
Commence artificial ventilation with self-inflating bag-valve-mask or anaesthetic t-piece using 100% oxygen
Consider oro/nasopharyngeal airway for upper airway obstruction
Consider 2-person technique for poor mask seal
Intubation should be considered for persistent obstructed airway or at some stage during CPR
Intubation should be considered for persistent obstructed airway or at some stage during CPR
Monitor for return of spontaneous circulation
Ensure adequacy of ventilation
C - Circulation
If no signs of life continue CPR
If signs of life assess pulse
Palpate central pulse (brachial, femoral, carotid)
Assessment of pulse can be difficult and inaccurate
If no pulse, slow pulse (<60 in an infant) or unsure, continue CPR
Determine the cardiac rhythm: shockable or non-shockable
3. Attention
DO NOT interrupt CPR except for rhythm check or defibrillation
4. Medications
Adrenaline
Shockable and non-shockable cardiac arrest path
Non vagus-induced bradycardia
Dose
10 microgram/kg =
0.1 mL/kg IV/IM/IO
Amiodarone
Shock resistant ventricular fibrillation or pulseless ventricular tachycardia
Dose
5 mg/kg IV/IO
5. During resuscitation
Correct treatable causes
Hypoxaemia
Hypovolaemia
Hypo/hyperthermia
Hypo/hyperkalaemia
Tamponade
Tension pneumothorax
Toxins/poisons/drugs
Thrombosis
6. Defibrillator operator instructions
"HANDS OFF” – pad placement or DC shock – “Continue CPR" – “HANDS ON”
Continue CPR
Oxygen away
All clear
Charge
Hands off
Evaluate rhythm
Defibrillate or ‘dump charge’
Continue CPR until the next designated rhythm check
Gain IV access as soon as possible
If DC shock delivered, recommence CPR immediately for 2 minutes prior to rhythm check
For rhythm check consider “COACHED”
7. Technique
External cardiac compression
CPR rate for all ages 100–120 bpm
Ratio for CPR is 2 breaths : 15 compressions
Once patient intubated compressions and breaths are independent of each other: compressions continue at rate 100–120 bpm and breaths at rate of 10 bpm
Place the child on a firm surface. If on a bed, place the cardiac compression board under the patient, not under the mattress
Perform external cardiac compressions to the lower half of the sternum in all patients including newborns
Compress sternum 1/3 the depth of the chest
Use the hand technique that allows you to achieve this:
For newborn infants the best technique is a two-handed hold in which both thumbs compress the sternum
8. Post resuscitation care - following return of spontaneous circulation
Re-evaluate ABCD
Ensure airway and breathing are managed effectively, including intubation if not already performed; do not extubate
Titrate inspired to achieve normal saturations, avoid excessive oxygenation
Ventilate to normal CO2
Perform CXR to confirm ETT in desired position and check for complications of CPR (pneumothorax, rib fractures, aspiration)
Maintain normal blood pressure appropriate for age with use of inotropes as needed
Perform 12 lead ECG
Monitor for further arrhythmias and consider ongoing anti-arrhythmic medication
Consider echocardiography to monitor contractility and exclude tamponade
Check haemoglobin, pH, electrolytes and glucose and correct as necessary
Aim for normal temperature (avoid hypo/hyperthermia)
Use adequate sedation and analgesia
Students work
Hadi alsharyah
Mohammed alzaedy
Mashael alrashdi
Shua’a alenazi
Ahlam almurashi
Atropine, lidocaine, sodium bicarbonate and calcium are only considered in specific situations
Mind Map Of CPR
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406
cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)
1. Definition
CPR stands for CardioPulmonary Resuscitation, an emergency procedure that is a combination of chest compressions and artificial ventilation (breathing) used to save a person’s life when a person’s heart stops beating or breathing ceases. When performed right away, CPR can increase a person’s chances of survival after cardiac arrest.
2. Assess for signs of life or response
A – Airway
Look, listen, feel for patency/added noises
Optimise head position
Consider simple airway manoeuvres (head-tilt chin-lift or jaw thrust)
Suction secretions/blood/vomit
B – Breathing
Look for chest rise and fall and auscultate
Commence artificial ventilation with self-inflating bag-valve-mask or anaesthetic t-piece using 100% oxygen
Consider oro/nasopharyngeal airway for upper airway obstruction
Consider 2-person technique for poor mask seal
Intubation should be considered for persistent obstructed airway or at some stage during CPR
Intubation should be considered for persistent obstructed airway or at some stage during CPR
Monitor for return of spontaneous circulation
Ensure adequacy of ventilation
C - Circulation
If no signs of life continue CPR
If signs of life assess pulse
Palpate central pulse (brachial, femoral, carotid)
Assessment of pulse can be difficult and inaccurate
If no pulse, slow pulse (<60 in an infant) or unsure, continue CPR
Determine the cardiac rhythm: shockable or non-shockable
3. Attention
DO NOT interrupt CPR except for rhythm check or defibrillation
4. Medications
Adrenaline
Shockable and non-shockable cardiac arrest path
Non vagus-induced bradycardia
Dose
10 microgram/kg =
0.1 mL/kg IV/IM/IO
Amiodarone
Shock resistant ventricular fibrillation or pulseless ventricular tachycardia
Dose
5 mg/kg IV/IO
5. During resuscitation
Correct treatable causes
Hypoxaemia
Hypovolaemia
Hypo/hyperthermia
Hypo/hyperkalaemia
Tamponade
Tension pneumothorax
Toxins/poisons/drugs
Thrombosis
6. Defibrillator operator instructions
"HANDS OFF” – pad placement or DC shock – “Continue CPR" – “HANDS ON”
Continue CPR
Oxygen away
All clear
Charge
Hands off
Evaluate rhythm
Defibrillate or ‘dump charge’
Continue CPR until the next designated rhythm check
Gain IV access as soon as possible
If DC shock delivered, recommence CPR immediately for 2 minutes prior to rhythm check
For rhythm check consider “COACHED”
7. Technique
External cardiac compression
CPR rate for all ages 100–120 bpm
Ratio for CPR is 2 breaths : 15 compressions
Once patient intubated compressions and breaths are independent of each other: compressions continue at rate 100–120 bpm and breaths at rate of 10 bpm
Place the child on a firm surface. If on a bed, place the cardiac compression board under the patient, not under the mattress
Perform external cardiac compressions to the lower half of the sternum in all patients including newborns
Compress sternum 1/3 the depth of the chest
Use the hand technique that allows you to achieve this:
For newborn infants the best technique is a two-handed hold in which both thumbs compress the sternum
8. Post resuscitation care - following return of spontaneous circulation
Re-evaluate ABCD
Ensure airway and breathing are managed effectively, including intubation if not already performed; do not extubate
Titrate inspired to achieve normal saturations, avoid excessive oxygenation
Ventilate to normal CO2
Perform CXR to confirm ETT in desired position and check for complications of CPR (pneumothorax, rib fractures, aspiration)
Maintain normal blood pressure appropriate for age with use of inotropes as needed
Perform 12 lead ECG
Monitor for further arrhythmias and consider ongoing anti-arrhythmic medication
Consider echocardiography to monitor contractility and exclude tamponade
Check haemoglobin, pH, electrolytes and glucose and correct as necessary
Aim for normal temperature (avoid hypo/hyperthermia)
Use adequate sedation and analgesia
Students work
Hadi alsharyah
Mohammed alzaedy
Mashael alrashdi
Shua’a alenazi
Ahlam almurashi
Atropine, lidocaine, sodium bicarbonate and calcium are only considered in specific situations
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cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)
1. Definition
Shockable and non-shockable cardiac arrest path
Non vagus-induced bradycardia
For rhythm check consider “COACHED”
Students work
