Apply legal requirements to practice, including country legislation, policies, by-laws, and standards.

Apply country's privacy legislation to the collection, use, storage, disclosure and destruction of personal health information

Apply the principles of professional codes of ethics.

Apply ethical principles in the decision-making process.

Identify illegal, unethical or unprofessional actions or situations.

Conduct appropriate intervention to address illegal, unethical or unprofessional actions or situations.

Apply principles of self-regulation.

Accept responsibility and accountability for own actions and decisions.

Seek guidance when uncertain about own knowledge, skills, abilities, and scope of practice.

Maintain appropriate professional boundaries.

Protect the privacy and confidentiality of the patient.

Manage situations of actual and perceived conflict of interest.

Describe the local health care system and the role of health professionals within it.

Maintain complete, accurate and secure patient records.

Identify situations in which documentation should and should not be shared with other health professionals or third parties.

Select appropriate methods to share documentation within the circle of care and facilitate patient care.

Establish and maintain rapport by using effective communication skills.

Demonstrate a caring, empathetic, and professional attitude.

Determine and acknowledge the patient’s needs, values, desired level of care and health goals.

2.2 Obtain information about the patient.

Gather information from the patient using appropriate interview techniques, including active listening.

Gather information from the patient’s health records and from other health care team members.

Perform, order and/or retrieve relevant lab tests and other diagnostic assessments.

Perform physical assessments. Organize, reconcile and record the patient’s information.

Assess the patient’s health and drug-related needs, as expressed by the patient, considering the impact of factors such as culture, language, demographic and physical characteristics.

Assess the relevance, accuracy, currency and completeness of the information in relation to the patient’s needs.

Interpret relevant lab tests and other diagnostic assessments.

Interpret findings of relevant physical assessments.

Perform medication reconciliation.

Assess the patient’s ability to access and use his or her medication.

Identify actual and potential MRP.

Prioritize MRP in collaboration with other HCP of the patient’s circle of care.

Determine the patient’s health goals and optimal therapeutic outcomes,

Assess possible treatment options, including drug and other therapeutic methods, using an evidence-informed approach.

Outline the potential benefits and risks of the treatment options.

Recommend the optimal treatment for the patient.

Provide education to support the patient in making informed decisions about their care plan.

Determine the actions required, and person responsible for each action, to achieve the patient’s health goals.

Consult other HCP as appropriate and adjust the proposed care plan accordingly.

Determine the monitoring parameters, including the clinical indicators, techniques and timelines.

Communicate the rationale for the care plan within the circle of care.

Provide consultation and education to support the patient in successfully implementing the care plan

Undertake the actions and interventions outlined in the care plan including prescribing drugs, adapting prescriptions, and collaborating within the circle of care.

Review monitoring parameters, end points and timelines outlined in the patient’s care plan.

Discuss with the patient the ongoing monitoring and information sharing responsibilities of the pharmacist, patient and other HCP.

Follow-up with the patient to evaluate the effectiveness of care plan activities.

Assess the patient’s adherence and tolerance to drug therapy.

Assess the effectiveness and safety of the drug therapy.

Undertake appropriate intervention based on the patient’s progress towards their health goals and revise the care plan accordingly

Address concerns related to the validity, clarity, completeness or authenticity of the prescription

Assess the therapeutic appropriateness of the prescription for the patient.

Select appropriate products using knowledge of therapeutic equivalency of drugs

Perform pharmaceutical, compounding & calculations

Develop master compounding formulas.

Prepare and compound non-sterile and sterile products according to guidelines

Identify patterns of unusual drug prescribing and usage including possible diversion or drug misuse.

Check the product and its prescription label against the prescription

Demonstrate the organizational and time management skills necessary to effectively prioritize, organize and manage patient care.

Manage support personnel such that assigned functions are carried out to meet accepted standards.

Address issues with the drug supply chain, including drug shortages and drug recalls.

Develop procedures to ensure the return or proper disposal of recalled, expired and unusable products.

Assess the primary health needs of the patient, considering the socio-economic, cultural, environmental and other factors that are barriers to, or facilitators of, health and wellness for the patient.

Collaborate with the patient and other HCP in the development and implementation of patient-specific health promotion strategies, including smoking cessation and immunization.

Facilitate the patient’s access to and interaction with support agencies and health services within the healthcare system.

Promote the proper handling and disposal of drugs and hazardous materials with the patient, self and others.

Identify and minimize the risk of disease transmission from the pharmacy environment.

Critically analyze and develop solutions to problems in pharmacy practice.

Make decisions using an evidence-informed approach.

Rationalize recommendations and decisions with critically analyzed evidence and accurate explanations.

Use a variety of retrieval techniques to access reliable sources of relevant information, including evidence-based information when possible.

Evaluate and interpret the information.

Apply critical appraisal techniques to scientific and research information.

Analyze the information to determine the appropriate response.

Gather new information, including evidence-based information when possible, that may be applicable to practice.

Evaluate and interpret the information using critical analysis techniques.

Use current, relevant and reliable information to improve practice.

Demonstrate proficiency in written and verbal English or French.

Demonstrate appropriate verbal and non-verbal communication skills, including listening skills.

Demonstrate appropriate interview techniques.

Select appropriate communication and education techniques for use with the patient and other health professionals.

Conduct interpersonal interactions, including conflict management, in a professional manner.

Communicate with sensitivity, respect and empathy.

Use communication techniques that maximize safety and understanding,

Identify potential collaborators with whom to initiate ongoing professional relationships.

Collaborate with other parties in the relationship to define the roles and responsibilities of each party.

Interact respectfully with other members of the team by accepting accountability for themselves and managing conflict.

Share decision-making activities with other members of the team.

Participate in the formation and functioning of a collaborative team.

Collaborate with team members to ensure appropriate utilization of resources.

Collaborate with team members to determine and achieve team goals and objectives.

Participate in the assessment of the patient and development of the care plan in collaboration with other HCP

Facilitate continuity of care.

Recognize signs, symptoms and risk factors indicative of health needs that fall beyond the scope of practice of pharmacy.

Select the most appropriate health professional or health agency for the referral.

Accept responsibility for referrals from other health professionals

Apply principles of patient safety to improve practice.

Employ best practices when informing the patient of the occurrence of a medication incident or adverse drug event.

Apply principles of continuous quality improvement to practice.

Apply principles of risk management to practice by anticipating, recognizing and managing situations that place the patient at risk.

Identify the occurrence of a medication incident, adverse drug event or close call and respond effectively to mitigate harm and prevent reoccurrence.

Identify high-alert drugs and high-risk processes in order to respond effectively

Ensure that products are stored and transported under the conditions required to maintain product quality, safety and integrity, including cold chain management