1. Understanding memory
1. The so-called “memory” is the formation of new neural circuits
The formation of a memory requires many new neural circuits
similar to pixel tv
Many different combinations of pixels form a picture
2. Two types of memory
short term memory
Due to limited storage space in the brain
and was judged to be unnecessary information and cleared.
Short-term memory will sit in the recycling bin of the "subconscious mind" until it is completely cleared.
The validity period of short-term memory restoration is 1 month
Judgment through "hippocampus"
Determined as necessary information and stored for a long time
long term memory
Necessary information is stored in the "cerebral cortex"
3. Understanding of “Hippocampus”
The criteria for judging whether information can be stored
Is the information essential for survival?
In order to reduce the energy consumption of the brain on the human body
The hippocampus allows only necessary information to be stored
So forgetting is the norm
And non-essential information like learning wants to be converted into essential information
We must use various means to "cheat" the hippocampus
Personal understanding of the brain
The storage path of memory is from the inside to the outside, not from the outside to the inside
Just like a tree, nutrients go from the soil to the trunk, then to the branches, and finally to the fruit
The fruit is long-term memory
In the past, my parents always said that we should learn in our heads.
It once made me think that the place where memories are stored is very deep.
1.1 The influence of color on brain mechanism (optional reading)
Take red as an example
Negative Effects
Aversion to it when full
Increase table turnover rate
Weaken one's courage in facing challenges
personal understanding
Many cases in real life apply "color psychology"
For example, the color of KFC is basically red
I thought a lot of design was based on personal preference
It turns out that it is more based on research on the groups that an industry targets.
2. How to turn short-term memory into long-term memory
Japanese famous saying: The so-called learning means repeated training
Ebbinghaus's forgetting curve: reveals the proportion of time from remembering to forgetting
Short-term memory is what is called "knowing"
The process of transforming "knowing" into "getting" is to repeatedly "review"
(2) The focus is on how to master a good review method
When inputting short-term memory into the brain through reading learning, it should be appropriate
There is a nerve called "A10" in the brain
Responsible for generating happy emotions
If you enter too much information
It will lead to pain due to inability to achieve "small goals" during the learning process
Expansion: A10 nerves can stimulate the most primitive desires and the noblest morality, control people's creativity, consciousness, energy, memory, and emotions, and play a role in stimulating functions.
Repeated memory training method
1. Arrange review time according to the forgetting curve
The validity period of short-term memory stored in the "unconscious" is 1 month, and review cannot exceed this time.
Ideal state: Set up a 1h, 1 day, 2 days, 4 days, 7 days, 15 days, 30 days review plan
When reviewing, try to involve multiple senses including listening, writing and reading.
To enhance the "deception" of the hippocampus
2. Do not add new content when reviewing
Because a memory is composed of multiple neural connections
Connections between old and new neurons can cause confusion in memory
3. Use the memory in your brain as much as possible
That is, "use" after "know" and "get"
Make "lazy" memories active
Thinking about a piece of information being mobilized so frequently from the hippocampus’s “perspective”
It must be necessary information (this view is also the same as 2.1)
personal reflections
I have always had a misunderstanding about memory
This comes from the description of the "memory palace" in the novel
I once thought that as long as I remember, I will never forget
So I kept looking for a way to fix it once and for all until I realized the truth about memory
This truth is not cruel to me
3. “LTP” phenomenon and the forgetting curve cycle that delays “long-term memory”
1. The so-called "LTP" refers to the phenomenon of long-term growth of memory connections.
The process by which information input stimulates nerves to create (or strengthen existing) connections.
This process can lengthen the forgetting period of "long-term memory"
The cerebral cortex is the "refrigerator", long-term memory is the "dead fish", and the neuronal connections increased by the "LTP" phenomenon are the "ice cubes"
It can prolong the freshness of "dead fish"
2. How to generate "LTP" to reduce the number of "cheating" to the hippocampus
1. The generation of "theta wave" generates curiosity (interest)
Image examples
It’s easy to remember the names of favorite celebrities
When you mention your favorite movie, you can think of the scene
Enhance curiosity about learning and love for knowledge
Change your attitude towards something
Hey, I have to get up early again today❌
Today is another beautiful day✔️
2. The "Amygdala" produces emotions to assist memory (emotions)
The "amygdala" is a collection of neurons adjacent to the hippocampus responsible for producing emotions.
"Amygdala" can add emotion to memory
Memories that make people feel warm or embarrassed
1. Bring yourself into the plot of the learning content and awaken your emotions
2. Create appropriate tension
Comfort is man's greatest enemy
Don’t review too much because of emotional stress
3. Lion memory method
1. Maintain appropriate hunger
The hunger hormone secreted by the stomach promotes the "LTP" phenomenon in the hippocampus
A full state causes blood to concentrate in the intestines and reduces brain activity
2. Use walking to improve memory while studying
The brain senses movement and produces "theta waves"
3. Study in a slightly lower temperature environment
Stimulate neural pioneers, improve concentration and create a sense of crisis
Increase brain blood circulation
3.1 (optional reading knowledge points)
Mozart effect
Mozart's music can temporarily make people smarter
This buff only lasts for one hour
"Acetylcholine" is the source of "theta waves"
Do not take "scopolamine" and "diphenhydramine" cold medicines and motion sickness medicines before the exam.
4. The impact of “dreams and sleep” on memory
1.The function of dreams
1. Dreams are the “playback” of memories
The information in dreams comes from information in the hippocampus and memory in the cerebral cortex.
This should also be a memory output, derived from subconscious output.
2. "Memory recovery" sometimes occurs during dreaming
While sleeping, the brain categorizes and organizes various information
This is a prerequisite, and it takes time. Often the knowledge that is sorted and organized is the knowledge from the previous few days.
The dream produced after sorting is the "playback" of this information (i.e. 4.1.1)
2. The role of sleep
1. When we sleep
The brain integrates information in various forms and organizes past memories
Although it will not change the "quantity" of knowledge, it can change the "quality" of knowledge
The hippocampus reviews information and determines that the information is necessary
One hour before going to bed is the prime time for studying
The strongest "theta wave" is after falling asleep
Sleeping is equivalent to returning to the "spring water", allowing the "theta waves" consumed in this day to refill the blue tank.
2. When we don’t sleep
The hippocampus cannot sort out disorganized information
If you want to remember knowledge more firmly, you must pay attention to sleep
Supplement: If you encounter insomnia
Close your eyes and let yourself go completely
As long as there is no input of information, the hippocampus will begin to review and judge, and the brain will begin to classify and organize
4.1 (optional reading knowledge points)
Biological rhythm is the human state
Biological rhythms change cyclically (refer to the trigonometric function diagram for periodic rules)
Just like athletes, there are times when they kick very hard, and there are times when they feel sluggish.
A good state is the peak value of the periodic change, and vice versa is the trough value.
Biological rhythms are linked to personal living habits
Appropriately adjust your living habits to change biological rhythms
For example, if the exam is in the afternoon, then focus on studying in the afternoon for the first few days.
Let the peak of your biological rhythm coincide with the exam time
The rules of self-study should be consistent with the rules of school work
Otherwise, jet lag syndrome will occur
Hippocampal cells die bit by bit
sleep rhythm
Human sleep generally consists of light sleep and deep sleep alternating in cycles.
An alternating cycle lasts 90 minutes
One light sleep and one deep sleep = 90 minutes
Therefore, it is best to set the alarm clock in units of 90 minutes.
Generally, the ideal number of alternation cycles is 4-6 times
That is 6 hours to 9 hours
5. The nature of memory
1. Information input into the brain is converted into electrical signals
Electrical signals propagate in neural circuits as analog signals
This means that the information has been changed on the way to the cerebral cortex
Therefore, it is normal for memory to be vague and inaccurate.
The only way is to use constant review to troubleshoot mistakes and finally get the correct memory.
Analog signal: information may change during transmission, and loss is associated with transmission
2. Long-term learning plans should be gradual
1. If you encounter something you don’t understand, you can use the segmentation method
Break down the knowledge points, eliminate the "fish meat" that you already understand, and focus on the "fish bones" that you don't understand.
2. Divide the entire knowledge learning process into several parts, and then decompose it in further detail
Until it becomes a feasible learning plan
3. Learning transfer (see 6.4 for details)
5.1 (optional reading knowledge points)
extrinsic motivation for learning
Use the “reward” mechanism to stimulate the desire to learn
Set small goals to gain the emotional reward of completing them
(3.2.1) Stimulating theta waves produces LTP phenomenon
The “high-energy” nucleus accumbens
The nucleus accumbens is responsible for generating enthusiasm and excitement, but it takes time to awaken
Even if you have no desire to learn, as long as you study uninterrupted for more than ten minutes, you will gradually get better at it.
BGM can focus people's attention
But when overcoming difficulties, it will also affect people's attention.
6. The mechanism of memory
1. Types of long-term memory
1. Experience memory (upper level)
Knowledge and experience are connected in series, making it easier to recall
If the memory of experience is not recalled for too long, it will slowly fade into memory of knowledge.
2. Knowledge memory (middle level)
Knowledge or information that is difficult to recall without an opportunity
3. Method memory (lower layer)
Muscle memory like exercise
Mastering method memory requires in-depth study of the origin and logic of a piece of knowledge.
benefit
Once you master it, you will almost never forget it
When the logic of the knowledge mastered is roughly the same as other knowledge, the effect of learning transfer will occur.
harm
Once bad habits are formed, it is difficult to correct them
If the exercise posture is not standard
2. As people grow older, the focus of memory storage will also change.
1. Early childhood stage: focus on method memory
2. Early stage of junior high school: focus on knowledge memory
3. Junior high school and adult stages: focus on experiential memory
Pay more attention to principles and logic
So as age changes, we need to change our learning methods
3. Methods of converting knowledge memory into experience memory
1. Lenovo method
If a knowledge point is compared to a house, then the thing that can connect it with other knowledge is the road.
Experiential memory is a city with dense roads
For example: When drinking, play the flying flower puzzle centered on wine, "Where will I wake up tonight?"
"Wine is deep and love is deep" "Deep sleep does not eliminate the remaining wine"
Wine is the center of the topic and the road, connecting many poems
Knowledge memory is a country with few roads
For example: I have a set of "Stories of the Romans" but I have no idea about Western history, and the topic I talked about did not involve this knowledge.
Therefore, there is no way to extend the knowledge points in the book
This kind of memory is that of the lonely Maocun, gradually abandoned and returned to dust.
There can be many ways to connect, as long as you spread your thinking
Use your five senses to feel
see fireworks
Thousands of flowers bloom at night in the East, and even more they blow down, and the stars are like rain
hear the rain
The sycamore trees are also drizzled, and at dusk, bit by bit
Use emotions to experience
Angry and want to hit someone
The wrath of a common man, blood spattered five steps
Emotions are high
Ninety thousand miles away, the wind is rising, the wind has stopped, and the boat is blowing away to the three mountains.
Use homophony to remember
The falcon tests its wings, the wind and dust spread
There are eleven pieces of hard bamboo shoots, divided into seven pieces and sold
2. Narrative method
Convert your knowledge into language and express it
In the process of transforming knowledge from input to output, it is consolidated again and cannot be accurately described, which is a knowledge weakness.
3. Sensory method
In addition to vision, other senses also have the effect of inputting information to the brain, and are more efficient.
Write or recite aloud to assist when memorizing
4. Learning transfer
After mastering one field and memorizing the methods, they will naturally be extended to other fields.
Example: After learning badminton, I quickly learned tennis.
Those who know Korean can learn Japanese very quickly
6.1 (optional reading knowledge points)
Ways to exercise your brain
Behind the hard work
when we truly have knowledge
The knowledge we acquire and the transfer of learning will increase the accumulation of knowledge exponentially
The change from 1 to 2 is a small change in quantity, but the change from 512 to 1024 is a leap in quantity.
Wondershare EdrawMind
