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Small Town Hustle An Interpretation of the Political Operations of a Township
It summarizes the framework and content of each chapter of the book in detail, and displays the book content in an orderly manner, making it easier to understand the entire book and systematically understand the political operations of townships.
Edited at 2024-02-18 14:59:59
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Small Town Hustle An Interpretation of the Political Operations of a Township
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"Small Town Hustle: An Interpretation of the Political Operations of a Township"
1. Welcome for inspection, welcome for inspection
1. Overview of the town
1. Location and size
The town is located on the boundary of Qinjiafan Village. The neighborhood stretches along an east-west highway, about one kilometer long and one to two hundred meters wide.
2. History and neighborhood evolution
When the new street was formed 20 years ago, buildings, businesses and popularity began to shift, and the old street gradually became depressed.
3. Government compound layout and institutional setup
The government compound covers an area of about 50 acres and houses the party committee, government, people's congress and other institutions.
4. Daily work situation
Cadres sign in and have meetings in the morning, and then disperse to work in villages or districts.
After 9 o'clock, the government compound is relatively deserted. There are not many cadres in the government compound usually.
2. Preparation for assessment and evaluation of rural tax and fee reform pilot work
1. Assessment content
The evaluation content mainly includes publicity, basic work, new tax burdens, collection order, settlement and refund, fund allocation and use, and related supporting reforms.
2. The town government’s attention and preparation
The government attaches great importance to it, formulates a detailed work plan, and all cadres are involved in preparing for the inspection.
3. Repeatedly publicize, mobilize and arrange work
Repeatedly emphasize the importance of inspection work and assign tasks at regular meetings and conferences.
4. Cadres go to the village to supervise operations and prepare materials
All cadres went to the village to supervise the work, ensure the implementation of various tasks, and prepare relevant materials.
5. Mobilization meeting emphasizes the importance of work
A mobilization meeting was held, and the main leaders delivered speeches emphasizing the importance of the work.
3. Inspection inspection work at the village level
1. Overview of Qinjiafan Village
There are more than 3,400 villagers, 2,873 acres of cultivated land, 16 villager groups, close to the town and street, and the economy is relatively developed.
2. Changes in farmers’ burden before and after tax reform
After the reform, the burden on farmers has increased slightly, and village cadres need to do a good job of explaining it.
3. Village cadres’ concerns and game with the government
Village cadres are worried that the government will require receipt of education surcharge bills and require the government to first promise to refund the money.
1. Village cadres are worried about the issue of education surcharge bills: Some village cadres said that collecting education surcharge bills may lead to opaque fiscal revenue and expenditure, and hope that the government can first promise to refund the money to reduce their burden.
2. Pressure of inspection work: During the inspection process, the village level is faced with huge work pressure and needs to make various preparations to ensure the smooth progress of the inspection work.
3. Game between the government and village cadres: During the inspection preparation work, village cadres may have a certain degree of competition with the government. Both parties need to communicate and negotiate to reach a consensus and jointly promote the inspection preparation work.
4. Ensure educational equity: During the inspection process, the government should pay attention to the issue of educational equity and ensure the reasonable distribution of educational resources so that children in rural areas can enjoy high-quality education.
4. All cadres worked overtime to prepare materials
All cadres worked overtime to prepare materials to ensure that the materials were fully prepared.
4. Mobilization meeting
1. Speeches by main leaders
The main leaders delivered speeches emphasizing the importance of the work.
2. Emphasize the importance of inspections
Emphasize the importance of inspections and mobilize cadres to work.
3. Put forward job requirements
Put forward work requirements and emphasize strict implementation of policies.
1. Put forward work requirements: Emphasis on strict implementation of policies to ensure the smooth completion of various work tasks.
2. Inspection preparation work: Go all out to comprehensively improve the quality and level of inspection preparation work and ensure that all indicators are up to standard.
3. Mobilization meeting: In-depth study and implementation of the spirit of the meeting, improve the sense of responsibility and mission of all personnel, and ensure the implementation of various work tasks.
4. Mobilize cadres to work
Mobilize cadres to work and ensure the implementation of work.
5. Thoughts on pressure-based systems and mobilization-based politics
1. The relationship between the two
Pressure-based systems need to rely on mobilization-based politics to operate.
2. Concentration of power leads to mobilization politics
Concentration of power results in the need for political mobilization to achieve goals.
3. The village cadre system ensures that pressure and mobilization are transmitted to the village
The village cadre system ensures that mobilization can be transmitted to the village level.
4. Combining political mobilization and economic interest stimulation
Political mobilization is combined with economic interest incentives.
6. Appendix
1. Work status of family planning office
1. The Family Planning Office strictly implements national policies to ensure stable population development.
2. Raise the public’s awareness of family planning through publicity and popularization of knowledge.
3. Conduct regular inspections on family planning work to ensure that all measures are implemented.
4. Provide preferential policies for special groups and care for disadvantaged families.
5. Strengthen collaboration with other departments to form synergy.
6. Strictly investigate and deal with violations of family planning policies.
7. Summarize experiences and lessons in a timely manner and continuously optimize working methods.
8. Establish a complete information management system to ensure data accuracy.
2. If it does not develop, what will the government do?
2.1 Secretary Lin’s plan
2.1.1 Describe the early morning scene of the town and the daily activities of government cadres
The morning in the town comes extremely early, and the sound of cars and people wakes up the entire town.
Government officials sat on street stools early in the morning to enjoy the spring sunshine.
2.1.2 Introduce the basic situation of the town
The town is a traditional agricultural and aquatic industry town in H city.
The main crops include rice, wheat, rapeseed, peanuts and soybeans, etc.
Aquatic products include various fish, shrimps and crabs
2.1.3 Introduce Secretary Lin’s overall ideas for town development
Taking accelerating the adjustment of agricultural structure as the starting point to promote the process of agricultural industrialization
Promote the industrialization process by revitalizing existing enterprises and introducing private enterprises.
Promote urbanization by strengthening township management and expanding urban scale
2.2 The politics of development
2.2.1 Analyze the difficulties in government financial operations
There are difficulties in government financial operations
Need to rely on development to solve
2.2.2 Introduce Lao Hong’s analysis of the conflict of interests among the government, villages, and farmers in land development
There are conflicts of interest among the government, villages, and farmers in land development
Each party has its own reasons and considerations
The government plays the role of land merchants in land development
2.3 Disputes in Zhoutou
2.3.1 Describe the development of Zhoutou Village
Zhoutou Village is located in the north of the town, near Lintan Lake.
It is the frontier for attracting investment to the town.
The development and construction is oriented towards tourism, vacation and ecological living.
2.3.2 Introducing the conflicts between four groups of villagers and the government in terms of land area determination, compensation price determination, and sequelae of water pumping stations.
Conflicts focus on the determination of land area, determination of compensation price, sequelae of water pumping stations, etc.
The two sides have major differences on these issues
2.3.3 Describe the negotiation process between the government and the four groups of villagers
The government has negotiated with four groups of villagers many times
Adopt various working methods, but the effect is not obvious
2.3.4 Introduce the content of town and village cadre meetings
Town and village cadres met to study four groups of issues in Zhoutou Village
Ask village cadres to continue to do a good job in mass work
3. If you want money, you are a grandson; if you don’t have money, you are a lamb
3.1 “This dog × tax collection”
- After the tax and fee reform, farmers are not very motivated to pay taxes, and it is more difficult to collect agricultural taxes, and some farmers refuse to cooperate.
- The task of tax collection is under great pressure, and cadres adopt various methods to deal with it, including regular collection collection, hard work, inducements and threats, etc.
- The main reasons for the difficulty in collecting agricultural taxes include: increased burden on farmers, policy provisions that cannot force collection, and tension between cadres and the masses, etc.
3.2 “Insufficient tax sources, rely on relationships to coordinate”
- The task of industrial and commercial taxation is arduous and requires coordination of tax sources through various relationships.
- The town's economy is underdeveloped, its tax sources are limited, and it is difficult to complete tasks.
- Cadres coordinate the tax sources of surrounding towns and villages by treating guests, giving gifts, and providing financial support to complete tax collection tasks assigned by superiors
- The taxation tasks assigned by superiors are unreasonable, mainly due to political performance considerations
3.3 “If the price is higher than the burden per mu, the land must be rented.”
- Fanjiaba Village is facing economic difficulties and hopes to obtain income from leasing land to solve the problem of farmers' burden.
- Started a game with H City Vocational and Technical College, and finally concluded the transaction at a price of 48 yuan per mu
- Although the price is low, Fanjiaba Village is still actively promoting transactions because leasing the land can solve some problems
- There is a game between the two parties on the rental price, and both parties are trying to maximize their own interests.
- By leasing land, Fanjiaba Village has gained some economic benefits, but it also faces some losses and risks.
4. Spread hope
4.1 Revitalize Douxiang
4.1.1 History and brand advantages of Xiaozhendou
- Thousands of years of planting history
- Big, fragrant and high quality
- Exported to Japan, Hong Kong, Macao and other places
4.1.2 Small town governments promote the development of small town bean industry
- Use small town beans as a local characteristic agricultural brand project
- Build breeding bases and leading enterprises to promote the integration of production, supply and marketing
4.1.3 Pi Deyou founded a bean product factory in Fanjiaba Village
- Use idle school buildings to produce fermented bean curd and soy beans
- Strive for funds and sales through personal connections
4.1.4 Bean factory operation and financing situation
- Small-scale production with limited profits
- Need to expand the scale and obtain funds and boss investment
4.2 Small little guy, big article
4.2.1 The district government decides to develop the clam industry
- As the focus of agricultural structural adjustment
- The planting area in the region will reach 100,000 acres within 2 years
4.2.2 The town selected Dachen Village and Qianwang Village as the Haotou base
- The government signs an agreement with the village committee and farmers
- Adopt two modes: government support and introduction of bosses
4.3 Xie Zhangcun also wants to sell land
4.3.1 Xie Zhang Village’s geographical location advantages
- Close to the city and convenient transportation
- Belongs to the key development area of the town
4.3.2 Hengjiu Company plans to build a university branch in Xie Zhang Village
- Planned investment of 800 million yuan and acquisition of 2,000 acres of land
- Adopt a public-private assistance model
4.3.3 Hengjiu Company negotiates land prices with the village committee
- Village cadres are eager to liquidate their land and sell it at low prices
- The agreement stipulates 27,000 yuan per mu
4.3.4 Analysis that Hengjiu Company may enclose land in the name of running a school
- It is possible to obtain increased land value by enclosing land in the name of running a school
- The government is worried about difficulties in obtaining certificates and has reservations about cooperation.
4.3.5 Hengjiu Company failed to implement the contract after signing the contract
- Possibly go to other places to enclose land
- Or lack of financial strength, making it difficult to implement the project
5. Dealing among businessmen and people
5.1. Land rental dispute between Mr. Ye and Zhoutou Village
5.1.1 Disputes over lease contracts
- Mr. Ye is a Taiwanese compatriot. In 2000, he entrusted He Zhiwei to rent 150 acres of land in Zhoutou Village with a lease term of 50 years.
- In 2002, Zhoutou Village was included in the development zone, and the land value increased, causing lease disputes.
- The town government asked Mr. Ye to cancel the lease and proposed compensation conditions, but Mr. Ye did not agree.
- The two parties argued over the legality of the lease contract, and Mr. Ye used his identity as a Taiwanese compatriot to defend his rights.
5.1.2 Sign a lease contract
- The town government provides leased land, Zhoutou Village land resources, and the town government cooperates with the village committee
- Mr. Ye leases land
- Lease 150 acres of land with a lease term of 50 years and an annual rent of 80 yuan per mu.
5.2 Contracts must also change with the situation
5.2.1 Disputes over land lease contracts in 1998
- Anhe Company rented 270 acres of land in Zhoutou Group, causing disputes.
- The villagers requested to terminate the lease or buy out the land, but Anhe Company did not agree.
- At the coordination meeting, the two parties debated the legality of the contract and finally agreed to modify the contract and increase the rent.
5.2.2 Modify the land lease contract
- Negotiate a rent increase
- Anhe Company continues to lease land
- Proceed in accordance with the revised contract
5.3 A battle without smoke
5.3.1 Disputes between the town government and villagers
- There was a dispute between the town government and villagers over compensation for land occupation by the green belt of the Beijing-Zhuhai Expressway.
- Villagers repeatedly petitioned for increased compensation, and the town government adopted a "point-and-shoot" approach to resolve the problem.
- The two sides launched a "psychological war" and finally reached a compromise, and the villagers received certain compensation.
5.3.2 Villagers’ rights protection
- Petition for compensation
- The town government takes certain compensation measures
5.4 Zhoutou’s breakthrough
5.4.1 Zhoutou Village Development
- All cadres of Zhoutou Village carried out "people-for-people" work among four groups of villagers to persuade them to cooperate in the development.
- Secretary Wang and others negotiated with village representatives in a private room of the restaurant and finally reached a compromise.
5.4.2 Land expropriation in Zhoutou Village
- Cooperation between town government and village committee
-Village representatives negotiate compensation rates
- The town government and village committee provide compensation
Six media
6.1 Zhoutou’s breakthrough
6.1.1 The compensation for land expropriation in Zhoutou Village is low, which makes the villagers unwilling to cooperate.
The compensation for land expropriation in Zhoutou Village is 4,500 yuan per mu.
Villagers think the compensation is too low and demand more compensation
Village cadres face conflicts between government requirements and villagers’ wishes
6.1.2 The village cadres used various methods to persuade the villagers to sign to receive the payment, and finally most of the villagers agreed to sign.
Village cadres use the "one key to open one lock" method to persuade villagers
Mobilize villagers’ emotional factors such as face and self-motivation
Implying to link benefit distribution with political development opportunities
In the end, most of the villagers agreed to sign
6.1.3 Village cadres face dual positions in land acquisition compensation. They must cooperate with the government and safeguard the interests of villagers.
Government position: Village cadres must cooperate with land acquisition work
Villagers’ position: Village cadres must safeguard villagers’ interests
Village cadres mediate between the government and villagers
6.2 The turmoil in the stone quarry arises
6.2.1 The Chashan Quarry was required to close due to its proximity to the development zone.
Because the quarry is close to the development zone and affects the environment, the government decided to close the quarry.
Owners ask government to compensate for losses
6.2.2 The owner did not agree to the closure and demanded compensation for losses, but the government only agreed to postpone the closure.
The owners made various claims for compensation
Government only agrees to postpone quarry closures
Owners resort to various means to delay closure
6.2.3 The owners used various methods to delay the closure time, and the government exerted pressure by signing agreements and other methods.
Owners collectively petition, hire lawyers, conduct video evidence collection, etc.
The government used various means to exert pressure and the owners were forced to sign the agreement.
Owners continue to use delaying tactics
6.3 Business experience in temporary land occupation
6.3.1 The West-East Gas Pipeline Project temporarily occupied land in the town, causing a dispute over compensation between villagers and the government.
Compensation disputes arise due to temporary land occupation of West-East Gas Pipeline Project
Disputes arise between the government and villagers over the distribution of compensation funds
Some village cadres take advantage of opportunities to seek benefits
6.3.2 The government made the villagers compromise by doing work, and the government accounted for the majority of the compensation distribution, and the villagers' interests were harmed.
The government worked hard to get villagers to agree to the compensation distribution plan
The government occupies the majority, and villagers’ interests are harmed.
6.3.3 Some village cadres took the opportunity to seek profits and undertake government projects.
Undertake government projects and seek profits
Conflict between the interests of village cadres and villagers
7. “Disgusting” Peasants
7.1 Peasants are both pitiable and disgusting
7.1.1 The dual image of peasants as both pitiable and disgusting
- Farmers complained that they had no money to pay taxes, but they had money to play cards, raising questions about the government and farmers.
- The special administrator of the Finance Office has no means of restricting farmers who do not pay taxes, resulting in a situation of "take it if you give it, and leave if you don't give it".
- The town government assigns tax collection tasks to village cadres and deducts wages if they fail to complete the tasks, forcing village cadres to advance taxes.
- After the reform of rural taxes and fees, township cadres and village cadres face different difficulties.
7.1.2 Reflection of farmers’ disadvantaged status
- Economic poverty and powerlessness.
- The tax burden is too heavy and it is difficult to survive.
- Lack of voice, rights violated.
- Insufficient compensation for land acquisition and loss of livelihood after losing land.
7.1.3 Discussion of the objectionable aspects of farmers
- Illegal and unethical behavior.
- Obtain compensation for construction violations.
- Relying on a weak position to make profits.
- Default on taxes, against the state.
7.2 Growing grain is not as good as “growing a house”
7.2.1 The phenomenon of farmers in suburban areas rushing to build illegal houses
- Rush to build illegal houses and expect to receive demolition compensation.
- Farmers in Xiaochen Village take advantage of railway planning to rush construction and obtain compensation. Similar phenomena are common.
- The urban management department lacks law enforcement power and is unable to prevent illegal construction, forming a de facto community with illegal construction.
7.2.2 Reasons why farmers obtain compensation through illegal construction
- There is a gap between the compensation standard and the cost of building a house, which is profitable.
- The government's compensation is insufficient, and farmers have no livelihood after losing their land.
- In the process of urbanization, the disadvantaged position of farmers has intensified.
- The use of weapons of the weak against the state.
7.2.3 Discussion of the objectionable aspects of farmers
- Illegal and unethical behavior.
- Exploit policy loopholes for profit.
- Irresponsible and confrontational with the state.
7.3 People on the road
7.3.1 The development of gray and black forces in townships
- Gangsters were active in the 1980s, and later some of them successfully cleared their names through business.
- There are people with underworld backgrounds in township projects, making it difficult for ordinary people to compete.
- The successfully exonerated gangster figures have an influence on young people, who then follow and imitate them.
7.3.2 Township order is affected by the black and white forces
- The formation of black and white forces affects the order of towns and villages.
- Underworld figures still use their past background to make profits after being cleansed.
- Public security in towns and villages is chaotic, and farmers' sense of security has declined.
7.3.3 Discussion of the objectionable aspects of farmers
- Behavior that disrupts social order.
- Illegal and unethical behavior.
- Irresponsible and confrontational with the state.
Eight stalemate
8.1 Mr. Ye’s response
- Mr. Ye received a letter from the town government and was surprised and angry.
- Decided to use his special status to protect his rights through administrative channels
- Write a letter to the town government to express dissatisfaction, and cite legal provisions to defend yourself, copy the letter to higher-level government departments, and create external pressure
8.2 Repeat before starting work
- The town government and the four groups of villagers in Zhoutou are in a stalemate over the issue of land compensation.
- The town secretary Lin Jingnan personally talked with the village representatives, moved them with emotion and reason, and successfully persuaded the village representatives
- Construction proceeds smoothly
8.3 The unclear land case
- Dachen Village villagers Chen Tongnian and Chen Xianghui had a dispute over land disputes
- Village cadres repeatedly tried to mediate to no avail. In the same year, Xianghui's land was forced to be planted, causing conflicts.
- He went to court, but ended up being the defendant in the same year. The matter still could not be resolved through judicial channels, and the matter returned to the village.
- It turned into an unsolvable dispute, and the village cadres were unwilling to deal with it anymore.
9. Rationality at the Grassroots Level
9.1 This is a political act
9.1.1 Quarry owners forced to sign agreements
1. The government requires property owners to sign an agreement to waive compensation requirements.
2. Owners were threatened with power outages and fines if they did not sign.
9.1.2 The owner is forced to sign the agreement
1. The government uses legal means to force owners to sign agreements
2. The owner expressed protest and dissatisfaction when forced to sign the agreement
9.2 Lure people into getting rich
9.2.1 The government promotes the cultivation of bean sprouts
Government promises to provide seeds, technology and acquisition services
The government provides financial support to encourage farmers to grow rice
9.2.2 Farmers are skeptical of government projects
Farmers worry about being cheated again
Farmers lack trust, worry about policy changes
9.2.3 The government takes various measures to mobilize farmers’ enthusiasm
The government signs a contract with farmers and promises a minimum purchase price
The government induces farmers to cooperate through economic benefits and provides subsidies and preferential treatment
9.2.4 Implementation difficulties still exist
1. Inadequate government supervision and difficulties in contract execution
2. Farmers’ lack of cooperation affects project progress
9.3 Support the strong but not the weak
9.3.1 The government decided to build the project supported by funds in Xiaoyue Village
1. Xiaoyue Village is strong, which is conducive to the success of government projects
2. The government selects stronger villages to increase the success rate of the project
9.3.2 Fanjiaba Village is weak and needs government financial support
1. Fanjiaba Village has a weak economy and relies on government support.
2. Fanjiaba Village lacks funds and resources, making it difficult for it to develop independently.
9.3.3 The government chooses to support Xiaoyue Village
1. Government resources are limited and can only focus on supporting one village.
2. The government selects villages that are more conducive to success to support
9.3.4 Xiaoyue Village received government support and the project progressed smoothly
1. Xiaoyue Village received financial support and the project progressed smoothly
2. Xiaoyue Village actively cooperates and has a high success rate of government projects
9.3.5 Fanjiaba Village faces difficulties
1. Fanjiaba Village lost government financial support and its development was hindered
2. Fanjiaba Village is unable to develop independently and faces economic difficulties.
10. Another round of money collection
10.1 When the "asker" becomes the "asked"
- As an individual industrial and commercial owner, Lao Luo bargained with the Industrial and Commercial Office and relied on relationship resources to force the Industrial and Commercial Office to make concessions.
- The industrial and commercial offices act according to unspoken rules and abandon administration according to law
- The interaction between the two parties reflects the complex social relationships in townships and towns
- The existence of informal power techniques in expropriation poses a challenge to state power
10.2 Expropriation enters critical stage
10.2.1 Misalignment of interests between the government and farmers
- Farmers are holding on to grain and are unwilling to pay taxes.
10.2.2 Township cadres face dilemmas
- Adopt various strategies to collect agricultural taxes
- Existence of split personality
10.3 National and local tax clearance in advance
10.3.1 Responsible cadres achieve tasks through relationship coordination
- Get various benefits after completing tasks
10.3.2 There is an interactive relationship between the government and higher-level governments
- Striving for political achievements through increasing fiscal revenue
- Increased fiscal revenue has an impact on the governance capabilities of township governments
11 Solve the problem
11.1 Supplement to the Zhoutou Dispute
11.1.1 The Zhoutou dispute is basically over
- After mediation, compensation for land attachments has been basically implemented
- Four groups of villagers were dissatisfied with the land compensation area and the failure to participate in the construction. They had disputes with the town government and village cadres, demanding increased compensation.
- Lao Hong and other cadres persuaded the villagers to put the overall situation first. The villagers proposed a construction rebate of 8,000 yuan. The cadres did not agree to write a certificate and only agreed to replenish 3 acres of the pond.
11.1.2 The helplessness of the four groups of villagers
- Feeling helpless and can only strive for small profits through "cheating"
11.2 The end of the Ye Hua incident
11.2.1 The government compensated Ye Hua 780,000 yuan
- After many negotiations, the government agreed to compensate Ye Hua a one-time compensation of 780,000 yuan.
- Ye Hua requested to retain some of the attachments on the land, and the government agreed.
11.2.2 End of dispute
- Ye Hua returned to China at the end of September and formally signed an agreement in October. The government paid 780,000 yuan and Ye Hua transferred the land.
11.3 The weeds are sown
11.3.1 Government distributes Trichosanthes species
- The government purchased the seeds and distributed them to Qianwang and Dachen villages, requiring planting of 1,500 acres.
11.3.2 Planting situation in Qianwang Village and Dachen Village
- The villagers of Dachen Village are active and the cadres supervise the planting
- The villagers of Qianwang Village were not active and the cadres personally delivered the seeds.
11.3.3 Government officials went to the village to supervise the planting progress
- Government cadres went to the village to supervise the planting progress and ensure that the task was completed before the National Day
11.3.4 Complete tasks
- After 3 months of hard work, I finally completed the task of planting wormwood.
12 Interaction of Interests
12.1 Spend a little money to do big things
- The natural gas west-to-east pipeline project is coming to an end. The town government is responsible for project coordination. Re-cultivation fees will be paid by the construction party to the town government, and the town government will contract for the total cost.
- Village cadres can obtain additional income and actively deal with remaining issues
- There is a phenomenon of bargaining between the town government and village cadres on the use of rehabilitation fees.
- The entire re-cultivation process evolved into a commercial transaction, and administrative rules were deformed.
12.2 Final Collection
- In November 2003, agricultural tax collection entered a stalemate stage
- The government has taken various measures to mobilize cadres, but it is still difficult to complete the collection task
- Village cadres are under pressure and adopt various methods to complete collection tasks
- In 2004, the central government announced that it would abolish agricultural taxes within five years, bringing relief to village cadres.
12.3 The owner of the quarry went to Beijing
- In February 2004, due to the government's decision to close the quarry, the owners of the quarry collectively petitioned to Beijing.
- The government sent people to Beijing to persuade the owners to return and hold dialogue.
- Owners put pressure on local governments through petitions and strive to obtain certain compensation
- In order to avoid escalating the situation, the government agreed to provide certain compensation to the owners, and the two parties conducted a new round of negotiations.
Thirteen, new year ring
13.1 The rising trend of fighting for land
- In 2004, the No. 1 Central Document was issued to reduce or reduce agricultural taxes and stimulate farmers' enthusiasm for farming.
- There is a land grab in Dajiang District and various types of land disputes
- Disputes between farmers and farmers
- Disputes between village groups and large external contractors
- Disputes between farmers and the government
- As a development hotspot, small towns have particularly prominent conflicts.
- Secretary Lin analyzed the causes of land disputes and proposed countermeasures
- Changes in farmers’ attitudes towards land
-Farmers’ legal awareness
- In actual mediation, handling matters in accordance with the law and handling nostalgia are combined
13.2 “You guys” also come to join in the fun
- Chen Weiye contracted the water surface, took advantage of the construction owner's dredging opportunity, and sent his little brother to negotiate with the construction party to raise the price on his behalf.
- Representatives from the construction company are tough
- Deputy Mayor Song acts as a coordinator and allows both parties to resolve the issue
- Things are resolved according to the rules of the "Tao", reflecting the survival logic of the "Tao"
13.3 “Gas consumption” and “submission”
- The owner of the quarry insists on compensation, but the government insists on no compensation.
- When the owner petitioned, the government sent cadres to stop the visit.
- The government adopts a delaying strategy
- Divides among owners
- The government issued a deadline to evacuate, and most owners finally signed to evacuate.
Fourteen The Unfinished Ending
14.1 The joys and sorrows of planting acanthus
14.1.1 The weeds in Dachen Village are growing well
- Expect to make money
- The government decided to expand planting area
14.1.2 The entire army of Tuantou in Qianwang Village was annihilated
- No grains harvested
- Farmers demand compensation from government
- The government decided to give the village a certain amount of compensation
14.2 Chen Tongnian’s embarrassment
14.2.1 The land dispute case between Chen Tongnian and Chen Xianghui remains unresolved
- Chen Tongnian forcibly raked Chen Xianghui's rice fields
- Chen Xianghui takes Chen Tongnian to court
- The court did not make a clear decision and required both parties to mediate.
14.2.2 Chen Tongnian was sued by Chen Xianghui in court
- Chen Tongnian became the defendant
- The court requires both parties to continue to resolve through legal channels
14.3 Land acquisition is frozen
14.3.1 The state implements strict land control policies
- Development projects halted
- Companies dare not come to rent land
14.3.2 The development of Zhoutou Village and Town can only wait for the next opportunity.
- Village leaders expect land prices to rise
- Government investment promotion comes to a standstill
14.4 Owners want to give up and start again
14.4.1 Stone quarry owners reach an agreement with the government
- Sign to receive payment
- Later changed strategy and demanded more compensation
- The two sides continue to be in a stalemate
14.4.2 The closure of stone quarries triggered protests from owners
- The owner organizes a petition to demand compensation
- The government negotiates a settlement
14.5 What do cadres do when they don’t collect taxes?
14.5.1 After the abolition of agricultural taxes, cadres are relieved of the troubles of collection
- Reduce the work pressure of cadres
- Shift to work such as attracting investment
14.5.2 The focus of town cadres’ work shifts to attracting investment
- Expect to stimulate economic development through projects
- The investment environment is facing difficulties
14.5.3 Village cadres face transformation
- Shift to work such as developing collective economy
- Expect to increase revenue through development
14.6 It’s time for inspection again
14.6.1 The town welcomes inspection of family planning work
- The town government attaches great importance to
- Prepare carefully to ensure the inspection passes smoothly
14.6.2 Inspection has become a means of advancing work
- Supervise grassroots work through inspections
- Inspection results directly affect assessment scores
Act 15 ends and begins
15.1 Confessions of Research Care and Strategy
15.1.1 Introduction As a continuation of “Expression of Two Villages”, this book studies current Chinese rural politics through narrative methods.
- Introduce research ideas and adopt a "narrative" approach to gain insight into and explain underlying politics.
- Reflect on the limitations of existing research and express understanding, stance and beliefs.
- Proposing the concept of rural politics as a research unit can provide a more complete understanding of grassroots politics and transcend the limitations of village research.
15.1.2 Academic inheritance
- Introducing this book's conscious return to the academic tradition of "narrative" works such as "The Golden Wing", "The Caller" and "The Death of Wang".
- Use the strategy of "storytelling" to connect with larger academic concerns.
- Introduce that the path of academic exploration always starts from diversity rather than unity, and illustrates the wisdom in this.
15.1.3 Methodological choice
- Introducing storytelling as an academic expression method with its historical context and path.
- Storytelling expresses patterns of experience and thought about the world, its structures and processes, in specific forms of discourse.
- Introduce the use of stories to express the understanding of the meaning of rural politics.
15.2 "Misplacement" of power structure and "paradox" of official and civilian behavior
15.2.1 "Strong country - weak society" has evolved into "strong people - weak officials" at the micro level
- Introducing that grassroots political power has weakened its control over farmers and is in a weak position in daily administration such as expropriation, so it needs to "media" farmers.
- In the distribution of economic benefits, the government is in a strong position and obtains the majority of economic benefits such as land sales.
- The grassroots political power is in a "strong government-tough people" or "weak government-diao" model highlighted in rural politics.
15.2.2 The appearance of a “weak state” with the fundamental loss of governance power
- Introduction: Under the pattern of a strong state and a weak society, grassroots political power and village-level organizations have repeatedly encountered peasant "countermeasures" in the administrative process.
- These "countermeasures" do not indicate the growth of civil rights and interests within the system, but rather the sacrifice of public will for small profits.
- Analyze that the governors and the governed are trapped in a "lose-lose" cycle.
15.2.3 “Inversion” of the relationship between the government and the people
- Introducing the "inversion" of the relationship between the government and the people as a manifestation of the "strong state-weak society" pattern in rural politics.
- Analyze the reasons for the "inversion" of the relationship between the government and the people, that is, the interest distribution relationship between grassroots political power and farmers.
- Discuss the impact of the "inversion" of government-civilian relations on rural politics.
15.3 The emergence of informal power technologies
15.3.1 Technical characteristics of “beating” and “matchmaking”
- Introducing towns and villages to pass on pressure through "beating" and completing administrative tasks through "matchmaking" to villages.
- Analyze the technical characteristics of "media", that is, the particularist relationship between towns and villages.
-Introducing "matchmaker" not only refers to farmers, but also refers to the special way of communication between towns and villages.
15.3.2 The relationship between rural organizations and grassroots political power
- Analyze the characteristics of rural organizations as power-economic complexes.
- Discuss the relationship between rural organizations and grassroots political power, that is, the "mediation" of townships to villages and the "mediation" of villages to townships.
- Discuss the impact of the relationship between rural organizations and grassroots political power on rural politics.
15.3.3 Use of informal power techniques
- Introduce the use of informal power techniques, such as "matchmaking" and "beating".
- Analyzing the use of informal power technologies highlights the characteristics of rural organizations as power-economic complexes.
- Discuss the impact of informal power technologies on rural politics.
15.4 Regime construction or governance transformation
15.4.1 The rural political process is dominated by the noisy game of interests
- Introduction: The rural political process is dominated by the noisy game of interests and lacks the support of cultural and ideological legitimacy.
- Analyze the behavior of various power subjects in rural politics.
- Discuss the impact of interest games on rural politics.
15.4.2 Governance dilemma and national governance transformation
- Introduce governance dilemmas related to how to deal with local cultural network relationships in the transformation of national governance.
- Analyze the reasons for the dilemma of rural political governance.
- Discuss the impact of national governance transformation on rural politics.
15.4.3 Regime construction or governance transformation
- Introducing the reconstruction of the power structure, strengthening the basic power of the grassroots, cultivating modern citizens, and rebuilding the rules of the game and legitimacy.
- Analyze the necessity and possibility of restructuring the power structure.
- Discuss the impact of governance transformation on rural politics.