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philosophy

This is a mind map about philosophy, including exploring the world and grasping laws, understanding society and value choices, etc. Hope it helps everyone.

Edited at 2024-02-17 21:07:06

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philosophy

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Outline

philosophy

Explore the world and grasp the rules

The essence of the spirit of the times

The pursuit of wisdom

basic questions of philosophy

The relationship between thinking and existence /The relationship between consciousness and matter

Which is the origin of thinking and existence?

Can thinking correctly recognize existing problems?

why

materialism and idealism

materialistic

Ancient simplicity, modern philosophy, dialectical materialism and historical materialism

Idealism

Subjective and objective

Scientific worldview and methodology

Marxist Philosophy

mission

To achieve the liberation of the proletariat and all mankind

Scientific theory and people's theory, direction

Basic Features

Practical Perspectives - Core Perspectives

The organic combination of materialism and dialectics

Keeping pace with the times - unique theoretical qualities

major theoretical achievements

Marxism-Leninism-Maoism-Leninism-Deng Xiaoping Theory

Explore the nature of the world

materiality of the world

regularity of movement

materialism

Material determines consciousness, and consciousness is a reflection of material Require everything to proceed from reality and seek truth from facts

Correctly exert subjective initiative

Active understanding/active transformation Respecting objective laws is a prerequisite for exerting subjective initiative Based on reality, grasp the rules and exert subjective initiative Establish correct awareness

The dialectical relationship between the objectivity and subjectivity of laws.

Laws are objective, universal, and we must respect them and act in accordance with them.

People are not powerless in the face of laws. They can use their subjective skills to understand and grasp the laws.

combine

Grasp the laws of the world

The world is universally connected

The world is eternally developing

The essence and core of materialist dialectics

dialectics

connect

universality

Looking at issues from a contact point of view

objectivity

Grasp things from their inherent connections Change the state of things according to their inherent connections, adjust original connections, and establish new specific connections.

Diversity

Analyze various conditions

Subjective and objective, internal and external, favorable and unfavorable.

whole and part

The two are different from each other and interconnected, and they are organically unified. The whole is in a dominant position and rules the parts Partial functions and changes will affect the overall function

System Optimization

develop

universality

Look at issues from a developmental perspective

substance

The progress and rise of things are the emergence of new things and the demise of old things. Must have innovative spirit and awareness of innovation

The form or state of development of things: quantitative change and qualitative change

Progressiveness and twists and turns in the development of things

The direction is forward and upward, and the road is tortuous and circuitous. Have confidence in the future, be mentally prepared, overcome difficulties, and accept setbacks and tests

dialectical negation

The essence is the link of sublation, connection and development, establishing a sense of innovation

contradiction

Basic attributes: identity and struggle

attract connection exclude opposition Identity cannot exist apart from struggle Struggle resides in and is restricted by identity The two sides of the conflict unite their opposites and promote the development of things.

Particularity and Universality

Persist in looking at problems in two and dare to admit, analyze and resolve conflicts

Different things have different contradictions The same thing has different contradictions at different stages and processes of development Different contradictions of the same thing, and two aspects of the same contradiction also have their own particularities

Dialectical relationship: interconnectedness Universality and particularity manifested in and through particularity Particularity cannot be separated from universality. There is no such thing as universality. The two can be transformed into each other under certain circumstances We are required to proceed from China’s national conditions and combine the basic principles of Marxism with China’s specific reality Adhere to the unity of the particularity and universality of contradictions, commonality and individuality and concrete history

Analyze specific issues

The basis for correct understanding of things The key to correct conflict resolution

Under the guidance of the principle of universality of contradictions, concretely analyze the particularity of contradictions and find the correct method to resolve them.

The special nature of contradictions requires us to analyze specific issues in detail

The principle of dialectical relationship between primary contradiction and secondary contradiction

Dominance determines the role and affects the existence and development of other contradictions Subordinate status does not play a decisive role Interdependence, mutual influence, mutual transformation under certain conditions

The relationship between the primary and secondary aspects of a contradiction

Dominant status, the nature of things is mainly determined by the main aspects of the main contradiction mutual dependence, mutual exclusion, mutual transformation We must look at the problem comprehensively, distinguish the mainstream from the tributaries, and adhere to the unity of the two-point theory and the key theory.

The two-point theory is unified with the key point theory

Understanding society and value choices

Explore the mysteries of knowing

Where does human knowledge come from?

practice

Elements: subject, object, means

Characteristics: objective materiality, agency, social history

Basic form: production practice that transforms nature, practice that changes society, scientific experiment that explores the laws of the world

Practice is the basis of understanding

source

power

The only test standard

Purpose

Understand and discover the truth in practice, test and develop the truth in practice

Pursue and develop truth in practice

truth is objective

It is a philosophical category that marks the correspondence between subjectivity and objectivity. It is people’s correct reflection of objective things and laws The most basic attribute of truth is objectivity

Truth is concrete and conditional

Everything is transferred based on the conditions of time and place, and the truth is enriched and developed in practice

The pursuit of truth is a process

Understanding is repetitive, infinite, advancing in waves or spiraling Keep pace with the times, pioneer and innovate, understand and develop the truth in practice, test and develop the truth in practice, and deepen understanding

Looking for the true meaning of society

the nature of social history

Social life is essentially practical

Labor is the starting point of society Labor creates people and promotes the production and development of human society

The dialectical relationship between social existence and social consciousness

Social existence determines social consciousness. Social consciousness is a reflection of social existence. The changes and development of social existence determine the changes and development of social consciousness

Social consciousness is relatively independent. Advanced social consciousness can predict the direction and trend of social development and play a positive role in promoting it, while backwardness hinders it. Establish a correct social awareness

social and historical development

law

Productivity determines production relations Production relations react on productivity Production relations must be consistent with the state of productivity.

Upper decision decided by the economic background Superstructure reacts on economic base The superstructure must conform to the laws of the economic base.

The general trend of social and historical development

advancing, rising The process is tortuous

Class society-class struggle Socialist Society-Reform

Reform is the self-improvement and development of the socialist system It is the direct driving force for the development of socialist society The fundamental purpose is to adapt production relations to the development of productive forces, Adapting the superstructure to the development of the economic base Reform is the basic way to solve the basic contradictions in society

The main body of social history--the people

The people are the subject of social history and the creators of social history The creator of material wealth, the creator of spiritual wealth, and the decisive force for social change

Mass perspective: Believe that the people will liberate themselves Serve the people wholeheartedly Be responsible for everything to the people Learn from the people with an open mind

Mass line: everything is for the masses, everything depends on the masses, come from the masses and go to the masses

Realize the value of life

values and values

value

Human values

Mainly due to contribution to society

Creator and enjoyer of value

It is the unity of social value and self-worth

guiding role

Values play an important guiding role in people’s activities to understand and transform the world. Influence people's understanding and evaluation of things Influencing people's behavioral choices is an important guide in life

We must establish correct values and play the guiding role of correct values. Follow the objective laws of social development and establish correct values from the standpoint of the overwhelming majority of the people.

socialist core values

It is a concentrated expression of the spirit of contemporary China, embodying the common value pursuit of all people, internalizing it in the heart and externalizing it in behavior.

Value judgment and value choice

Value judgment is the basis of value selection

Basic Features

social historicity

subject difference

Judgment criteria how

Adhere to the truth and follow the objective laws of social development, Consciously stand on the standpoint of the people and regard the interests of the people as the highest interest standard, Grasp the social and historical nature of value judgment and value selection, insist on advancing with the times, and Establish correct values

Creation and realization of value

Carry forward the spirit of labor and realize the value of life. Devoting yourself to the practice of serving the people is the only way to realize the value of life. It is also the fundamental way to have a happy life

Create and realize value in the unity of individual and society. The objective conditions provided by society are the prerequisite for realizing the value of life

To create and realize value in self-strengthening, creating and realizing the value of life requires giving full play to subjective initiative. It requires tenacious struggle and the spirit of continuous self-improvement. It requires efforts to grow one's talents and comprehensively improve personal qualities. It requires firm ideals and beliefs and the guidance of correct values. We need to hone our character and continuously lay a solid foundation for morality.