MindMap Gallery respiratory photosynthesis
A comprehensive collection of knowledge points about photosynthesis and respiration. Photosynthesis and respiration are two interrelated and inseparable processes in plants. They jointly maintain the life activities of plants.
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Avatar 3 centers on the Sully family, showcasing the internal rift caused by the sacrifice of their eldest son, and their alliance with other tribes on Pandora against the external conflict of the Ashbringers, who adhere to the philosophy of fire and are allied with humans. It explores the grand themes of family, faith, and survival.
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[Zootopia Character Relationship Chart] The idealistic rabbit police officer Judy and the cynical fox conman Nick form a charmingly contrasting duo, rising from street hustlers to become Zootopia police officers!
respiratory photosynthesis
photosynthesis
substance
Light energy → Active chemical energy in ATP NADPH → Stable chemical energy in organic matter
Synthesize organic matter and store energy
process
light reaction
Location: thylakoid membrane
Conditions: light enzyme photosynthetic pigments
External raw materials: water
Product: O₂ [H] ATP
equation
Photolysis of water: H₂O→O₂ [H]
Synthesis of ATP: ADP Pi→ATP
Synthesis of NADPH:NADP⁺ H⁺ 2e⁻→NADPH
dark reaction
Location:Chloroplast stroma
Conditions: Enzyme ATP [H]
Raw materials: CO₂
Products: organic matter, water
equation
Fixation of carbon dioxide: CO₂ C₅→2C₃
Reduction of C₃: 2C₃→C₅ (CH₂O)
Hydrolysis of ATP ATP→ADP Pi Energy
Influencing factors
light intensity
principle
Affects light reaction → photosynthetic rate → dark reaction products
application
Increase light intensity, photosynthetic rate increases, product amount increases
intercropping breeding
carbon dioxide concentration
subtopic
principle
Affects the form of organic matter constrained by dark reactions
application
Apply dry ice
Apply organic fertilizer
temperature
subtopic
principle
Affect enzyme activity and restrict dark reactions
application
Increase the temperature difference between day and night
Moisture and mineral elements
subtopic
respiration
aerobic respiration
concept
With the participation of oxygen, through the catalysis of various enzymes, cells completely oxidize and decompose organic matter such as glucose to produce carbon dioxide and water, release energy, and generate a large amount of ATP.
process and place
The first stage (cytoplasmic matrix): C₆H₁₂O₆+enzyme→2C₃H₄O₃+4[H]+a small amount of energy
The second stage (mitochondrial matrix): 2C₃H₄O₃+6H₂O+enzyme→20[H]+6CO₂+a small amount of energy
The third stage (mitochondrial inner membrane): 24[H]+6O₂+enzyme→12H₂O+a large amount of energy
A large amount of energy: electron transfer → proton drive → ATP synthesis
Process 1 releases energy
Process Two Proton Electrochemical Gradient
overall reaction equation
C₆H₁₂O₆ 6H₂O 6O₂→6CO₂ 12H₂O Energy
anaerobic respiration
The first stage (cytoplasmic matrix) is the same as the first stage of aerobic respiration
The second stage (cytoplasmic matrix) pyruvate → lactic acid; pyruvate → alcohol + carbon dioxide
Common question types
Only consume CO₂→anaerobic respiration (produce lactic acid)
Does not consume O₂ but produces CO₂→anaerobic respiration (production of alcohol and CO₂)
CO₂ release = O₂ consumption → aerobic respiration
C₂ release is greater than O₂ consumption → anaerobic respiration (production of alcohol and CO₂) and aerobic respiration occur simultaneously
Influencing factors
temperature
application
Low temperature storage, growing greenhouse crops
oxygen concentration
application
Wrap the wound with breathable gauze, loosen the soil, and drain water regularly
carbon dioxide concentration
Moisture content
application
Dry storage of grain, moist storage of fruits and vegetables (low temperature, low oxygen and moderate humidity)