MindMap Gallery General Psychology 11. Ability
Regarding general psychology, Chapter 11 Ability Mind Map summarizes the general concept of ability, types and structures of abilities, measurement of abilities, emotional intelligence, etc.
Edited at 2024-02-16 14:25:45Avatar 3 centers on the Sully family, showcasing the internal rift caused by the sacrifice of their eldest son, and their alliance with other tribes on Pandora against the external conflict of the Ashbringers, who adhere to the philosophy of fire and are allied with humans. It explores the grand themes of family, faith, and survival.
This article discusses the Easter eggs and homages in Zootopia 2 that you may have discovered. The main content includes: character and archetype Easter eggs, cinematic universe crossover Easter eggs, animal ecology and behavior references, symbol and metaphor Easter eggs, social satire and brand allusions, and emotional storylines and sequel foreshadowing.
[Zootopia Character Relationship Chart] The idealistic rabbit police officer Judy and the cynical fox conman Nick form a charmingly contrasting duo, rising from street hustlers to become Zootopia police officers!
Avatar 3 centers on the Sully family, showcasing the internal rift caused by the sacrifice of their eldest son, and their alliance with other tribes on Pandora against the external conflict of the Ashbringers, who adhere to the philosophy of fire and are allied with humans. It explores the grand themes of family, faith, and survival.
This article discusses the Easter eggs and homages in Zootopia 2 that you may have discovered. The main content includes: character and archetype Easter eggs, cinematic universe crossover Easter eggs, animal ecology and behavior references, symbol and metaphor Easter eggs, social satire and brand allusions, and emotional storylines and sequel foreshadowing.
[Zootopia Character Relationship Chart] The idealistic rabbit police officer Judy and the cynical fox conman Nick form a charmingly contrasting duo, rising from street hustlers to become Zootopia police officers!
11. Ability
general concept of ability
what is ability
psychological characteristics
ability
current level of achievement
aptitude
potential and possibility
The relationship between ability, knowledge and skills
mutual basis, mutual result, mutual transformation and mutual promotion
Knowledge
declarative knowledge
procedural knowledge
Skill
Operation skills
object
mental skills
concept
components of the competency structure
Ability, talent and genius
intelligence
synthesis of cognitive abilities
Types and structures of abilities
Types of abilities
1
①General ability
intelligence
Core→Abstract summary ability
②Special abilities
2
①Imitation ability
②Creative ability
In psychology: unique to humans
3
①Fluid capacity
innate
Increase first and then decrease
②Crystal ability
Learn the day after tomorrow
Keep developing (25)
4
①Cognitive ability
intelligence
②Operational ability
③Social skills
5
The ability to understand, control and utilize emotions
Also called “emotional intelligence”
structure of capabilities
traditional theory of competency structure
Ability testing as a tool
1. Two-factor theory
Spearman
①General ability (general factor)-G factor
②Special ability (special factor)-S factor
2. Group factor theory
Thurston
7 basic abilities
① Word understanding
②Fluent vocabulary
③Number operations
④Spatial relationship
⑤Associative memory
⑥Perceptual speed
⑦General reasoning
second-order factors
3. Three-dimensional structural model
guildford
three dimensions
content
operate
process
product
result
5×5×6=150 kinds
A new theory of ability structure
1. Multiple intelligence theory
Teaching students in accordance with their aptitude
Gardner
①Verbal intelligence
② Logical-mathematical intelligence
③Spatial intelligence
④Musical intelligence
⑤Motor intelligence
⑥Interpersonal intelligence
⑦Self-aware intelligence
⑧Natural intelligence
⑨Existence of intelligence
proposed later
relatively independent
2. Triarchic intelligence theory
Sternberg
three aspects of intelligence
①Intrinsic components of intelligence
②The relationship between these intellectual components and experience
③External effects of intelligence components
1. Subcomponent theory of intelligence
earliest formed and most perfect
①Elementary component
②Operating components
③Knowledge acquisition component
2. Intellectual situation sub-theory
situational intelligence
3. Intellectual experience sub-theory
①Ability to handle new tasks and new environments
②The ability to automate information processing processes
successful intelligence theory
3. PASS model of intelligence
Das, Naglierli
4 cognitive processes
①Attention
②Simultaneous processing
③Sequential processing
④Plan
3 cognitive systems
dynamic contact
①Attention system (note-wake up system)
②Information processing system
middle level
③Planning system
highest level
Proposed on the basis of Luria's theory of three functional systems
Measurement of ability
general ability test
Measurement of ability in a narrow sense
The origin of intelligence tests
Beener-Simon intelligence scale
The first formal psychological test
mental age
Stanford-Biner scale
Push Meng
age scale
mental age
A measure of absolute level of intelligence
Disadvantages: Cannot compare between people
Mental age and chronological age
Ratio IQ
Cons: Adults and Children
Stern
Propose "IQ"
Intelligence Quotient (IQ)
Wechsler intelligence scale
There are different intelligence scales for different age groups
Divided into two subscales: verbal and operational
Dispersion IQ
normal distribution
relative position
Disadvantages: A 70-year-old and a 30-year-old have the same relative position, but their actual IQs are different.
Special ability test and creativity test
special ability test
west shore
music aptitude test
creativity test
Emphasize the fluency, flexibility and uniqueness of thinking
emotional intelligence
The concept of emotional intelligence
theory of emotional intelligence
beginning
Meyer, Salovey
Structural model of emotional intelligence
A four-dimensional model of the structure of emotional intelligence
multifactor emotional intelligence scale
Integration
spread
Gorman
emotional competency model
Prosperity
Baang
Structural model of emotional and social intelligence
Wang Xiaojun
Emotional Intelligence → Cognitive Structure of Emotions
Emotional intelligence
Gorman
"Emotional Intelligence"
Work EQ
emotional competency model
4 major items and 18 minor items
①Self-awareness
②Self-management
③Social awareness
④Interpersonal relationship management
Measurement: Emotional Competence Inventory (ECI)
Baang
Emotional Intelligence Quotient (EQ)
index of emotional intelligence
Ability development and individual differences
General trends in competency development
childhood and adolescence
most important
18~25 peak
midlife differences
most stable
development time differences
individual differences in ability development
1. Differences in ability development levels
People with extraordinary intelligence and those with low intelligence
Reasons for extraordinary intelligence
2. The difference between early and late ability performance
3. Differences in ability structures
4. Gender differences in ability
① Gender differences in mathematical ability
②Gender differences in speech ability
③Gender differences in spatial ability
most obvious
①Spatial perception
②Mental rotation
③Spatial imagination
① and ②, male > female
Causes and conditions for the formation of abilities
1. Genetic influence
possibility
Mainly reflected in physical fitness
2. The impact of environment and education on the formation of abilities
reality
1. Influence of prenatal environment
2. The role of early experience
3. The role of school education
3. Impact of practical activities
Wang Yun
Apply exhaustion
Science and technology
4. The influence of human subjective initiative