MindMap Gallery Epidemiology
Preview Chapters 1 and 2 of epidemiology and make a mind map. Epidemiology is a discipline that studies the distribution of diseases and health conditions among the population and their influencing factors, and studies and formulates strategies and strategies to prevent diseases and promote health. The science of measures. The following chapters will continue to be updated...
Edited at 2024-02-05 11:35:27Mappa mentale per il piano di inserimento dei nuovi dipendenti nella prima settimana. Strutturata per giorni: Giorno 1 – benvenuto, configurazione strumenti, presentazione team. Secondo giorno – formazione su policy aziendali e obiettivi del ruolo. Terzo giorno – affiancamento e primi task guidati. Il quarto giorno – riunioni con dipartimenti chiave e feedback intermedio. Il quinto giorno – revisione settimanale, definizione obiettivi a breve termine e integrazione culturale.
Mappa mentale per l’analisi della formazione francese ai Mondiali 2026. Punti chiave: attacco stellare guidato da Mbappé, con triplice minaccia (profondità, taglio, sponda). Criticità: centrocampo poco creativo – la costruzione offensiva dipende dagli attaccanti che arretrano. Difesa solida (Upamecano, Saliba, Koundé). Portiere Maignan. Variabili: gestione infortuni e condizione fisica dei big. Ideale per scout, giornalisti e tifosi.
Mappa mentale per l’analisi della formazione francese ai Mondiali 2026. Punti chiave: attacco stellare guidato da Mbappé, con triplice minaccia (profondità, taglio, sponda). Criticità: centrocampo poco creativo – la costruzione offensiva dipende dagli attaccanti che arretrano. Difesa solida (Upamecano, Saliba, Koundé). Portiere Maignan. Variabili: gestione infortuni e condizione fisica dei big. Ideale per scout, giornalisti e tifosi.
Mappa mentale per il piano di inserimento dei nuovi dipendenti nella prima settimana. Strutturata per giorni: Giorno 1 – benvenuto, configurazione strumenti, presentazione team. Secondo giorno – formazione su policy aziendali e obiettivi del ruolo. Terzo giorno – affiancamento e primi task guidati. Il quarto giorno – riunioni con dipartimenti chiave e feedback intermedio. Il quinto giorno – revisione settimanale, definizione obiettivi a breve termine e integrazione culturale.
Mappa mentale per l’analisi della formazione francese ai Mondiali 2026. Punti chiave: attacco stellare guidato da Mbappé, con triplice minaccia (profondità, taglio, sponda). Criticità: centrocampo poco creativo – la costruzione offensiva dipende dagli attaccanti che arretrano. Difesa solida (Upamecano, Saliba, Koundé). Portiere Maignan. Variabili: gestione infortuni e condizione fisica dei big. Ideale per scout, giornalisti e tifosi.
Mappa mentale per l’analisi della formazione francese ai Mondiali 2026. Punti chiave: attacco stellare guidato da Mbappé, con triplice minaccia (profondità, taglio, sponda). Criticità: centrocampo poco creativo – la costruzione offensiva dipende dagli attaccanti che arretrano. Difesa solida (Upamecano, Saliba, Koundé). Portiere Maignan. Variabili: gestione infortuni e condizione fisica dei big. Ideale per scout, giornalisti e tifosi.
Epidemiology
Chapter One Introduction
1. Definition
It is a science that studies the distribution of diseases and health conditions among the population and their influencing factors, and studies and formulates strategies and measures to prevent diseases and promote health.
2. Three major components of modern medicine
Basic medicine, clinical medicine, preventive medicine
3. Epidemiological research methods
Observational studies (classified according to whether a control group is established in advance)
descriptive research
Cross-sectional studies/current studies/prevalence studies
Disease surveillance/epidemiological surveillance
Ecological research (taking groups as the unit of observation)
propose a hypothesis
analytical research
Case-control study (retrospective study)
Cohort study/prospective study/follow-up study/longitudinal study
test hypothesis
Experimental study (prospective study)
Clinical trials (following the principles of randomization, control, balance, duplication, and double-blinding)
Field test (basic unit: individual)
Community intervention trial (basic unit: whole community)
confirm hypothesis
Quasi-experiment
theoretical research
4. Observation is the basic method of epidemiological research
5. Tertiary prevention
First level prevention: prevention of causes - preventing and controlling the occurrence of diseases
secondary prevention
The “Three Mornings” for chronic non-communicable diseases – early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment
The “Five Mornings” of infectious diseases—early detection, early diagnosis, early reporting, early isolation, and early treatment
Tertiary prevention: clinical prevention - reasonable treatment of the disease in the clinical stage to prevent disability and prolong life.
6. Important perspectives in epidemiology
Group perspective, sociomedical and ecological perspective, comparative perspective, polyetiological perspective, probabilistic perspective
Chapter 2 Distribution of Diseases
1. Three distributions of diseases
Crowd (human world), time, region (space)
2. Disease frequency measurement indicators
Incidence indicators
Incidence rate (generally one year)
Acute Disease Survey, Dynamic Indicators
Attack rate (unit: day, week, month, an epidemic season)
Second-generation incidence rate/family second-generation incidence rate (the first case is not included in the numerator and denominator)
Prevalence/prevalence/prevalence
time point prevalence
Prevalence during the period
Chronic disease survey, static indicators
infection rate
death indicator
Mortality rate/total mortality rate/crude mortality rate
case fatality rate
Mortality rate = incidence rate * case fatality rate
survival rate
Cumulative death (morbidity) rate
standardized death ratio
Potential years of life lost
Disability Adjusted Life Years
3. Epidemic intensity of the disease
Distribute
The incidence rate remains at the normal level over the years
outbreak
Regional limitations, short time
Popularity
The incidence rate of a certain disease significantly exceeds the sporadic incidence level in previous years
Pandemic
Spread rapidly, affect a wide range of areas, and the incidence rate far exceeds the epidemic level
4. Distribution pattern of disease
Crowd distribution
age
gender
Profession
race and ethnicity
Social class
Behavior
marriage and family
Time Distribution
Short-term fluctuations/time trends
Examples: food poisoning, typhoid fever, dysentery, chemical poisoning
Seasonal
seasonal increase
Example: respiratory infectious diseases
Strictly seasonal
Example: Infectious diseases transmitted by insect vectors (Japanese encephalitis)
cyclical
Example: Measles before widespread vaccination
Long-term changes/long-term trends/long-term variations
Example: high blood pressure
Local distribution
Basis for judging endemic diseases
Residential population
Immigrants from outside the country
People who migrate from local places of residence
Occurrence of this disease in local animals
5. Comprehensive description of the distribution among the three rooms
birth cohort analysis
immigration epidemiology
the difference
Incidence
Numerator: Number of new cases within a certain period of time
Cross-sectional survey; static indicators; chronic disease survey
Examples: Cancer, cardiovascular disease, schistosomiasis, tuberculosis
Not suitable for etiology research
Prevalence
Numerator: Survey the number of sick people at that time (including new and old cases during the observation period)
Incidence reports or cohort studies; dynamic indicators; acute disease surveys
Suitable for etiological research
Prevalence is affected by incidence and duration of disease
As treatment improves, patients avoid death but do not recover, leading to increased morbidity