Fermentation engineering and its applications

This is a mind map about fermentation engineering and its applications. Fermentation engineering is a new technology that utilizes the specific functions of microorganisms to produce products useful to humans, or directly applies microorganisms to industrial production processes.

Edited at 2023-12-20 00:06:26

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Fermentation engineering and its applications

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Fermentation Engineering
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Fermentation engineering and its applications

1. Basic links of fermentation engineering

Schematic diagram of fermentation tank

Beer industrial production process

Germination Roasting Grinding Saccharification Cooking Fermentation Sterilization Termination

common problem

(1) Why does it need to be "ventilated first and then sealed" during the yeast alcohol fermentation process? The purpose of "aeration" is to allow yeast to carry out aerobic respiration and multiply; The purpose of "sealing" is to allow yeast to undergo alcoholic fermentation to produce alcohol. (2) In beer production, fermentation is an important step. In the later stage of fermentation, if the sealing is not tight, the beer will become sour. Do you know what has changed? Alcohol is oxidized under the action of acetic acid bacteria to produce acetaldehyde, which eventually becomes acetic acid.

Monitoring of the fermentation process

Reasons for strict control of fermentation conditions

Summarize

2. Application of fermentation process

food industry

Produce traditional fermented products, such as soy sauce, various wines, etc.

Example 1: Producing soy sauce

Soybean → Aspergillus niger → Protein hydrolyzed into small molecule peptides and amino acids → Elution and preparation → Soy sauce

Example 2: Brewing

Cereals or fruits → Saccharomyces cerevisiae → Alcoholic beverages

Produces a wide range of food additives

Production of enzyme preparations

Pharmaceutical industry

Drugs produced by fermentation engineering

Antibiotics, amino acids, hormones, immunomodulators

Combining genetic engineering, protein engineering and fermentation engineering

Agriculture and animal husbandry

Produce microbial fertilizers

Utilize the organic acids and bioactive substances produced by microorganisms during the metabolic process to increase soil fertility, improve soil structure, promote plant growth, and enhance plant disease resistance and stress resistance.

Common microbial fertilizers

Rhizobium fertilizer, nitrogen-fixing bacteria fertilizer

Production of microbial pesticides

Using microorganisms or their metabolites to control pests and diseases

Common microbial pesticides

Producing microbial feed

Single-cell protein: A large number of microbial cells obtained through fermentation using hydrolysates of starch or cellulose, sugar industry waste, etc. as raw materials. Obtained by filtration, precipitation, etc.

Adding lactic acid bacteria to silage can improve the quality of the feed, keep the feed fresh, and improve the immunity of animals after eating it.

Other applications

Solve resource shortage and environmental pollution problems

Utilizing fiber waste fermentation to produce alcohol, ethylene and other energy substances

Utilization of extremophiles (living in high temperature, high pressure, high salt and low temperature environments)

Utilizing thermophilic and halophilic bacteria to produce detergents