1. Busbars, lightning arresters, high-voltage porcelain bottles, voltage transformers, current transformers, high-voltage switches and other equipment and components 2. The test contents include: main circuit resistance measurement and temperature rise test, insulation test, peak withstand current, shutdown capacity test, mechanical test, protection level, internal fault test, operating vibration test, short-time withstand current test , SF6 gas insulated switchgear air leakage rate and moisture content inspection, inspection. (Mantra: Lu Yuanfeng shuts down the computer room and stops breathing)

Overcurrent protection setting: current component setting and time component setting. Overload alarm setting: overload current component setting and time component setting. Three-phase primary reclosing setting: reclosing delay setting and reclosing synchronization angle setting. Zero-sequence overcurrent protection setting: current component setting, time component setting and direction component setting. Overvoltage protection setting: overvoltage range setting and overvoltage protection time setting.

1. Check the specifications and models of the transformer according to the equipment list, construction drawings and equipment technical documents. They should be consistent with the design, and the accessories and spare parts should be complete and undamaged. 2 Transformers filled with nitrogen or dry air for transportation should have pressure monitoring and replenishing devices. Positive pressure should be maintained during transportation, and the gas pressure should be 0.01~0.03MPa.

1. The secondary transportation of the transformer can be carried out by roller rolling and winch hauling. 2. When lifting the transformer, the rigging must be inspected and qualified. The wire rope must be hung on the hook of the oil tank. The lifting ring on the top cover of the transformer is only used for lifting core inspection. It is strictly forbidden to use this lifting ring to lift the entire transformer. 3. When transporting the transformer, the high and low voltage insulating porcelain bottles should be covered to protect it from damage. 4. During the transportation of the transformer, there should be no severe shock or vibration. When using mechanical traction, the traction point should be below the center of gravity of the transformer, and the transportation inclination angle should be ≦15 degrees to prevent the internal structure from deforming due to tilt. 5. When using a jack to lift a large transformer, the jack should be placed on the jack bracket of the oil tank. The lifting operations should be coordinated, the force on each point should be even, and the pads should be placed in time.

1. Inspection contents: 1. Winding inspection; 2. Iron core inspection; 3. Lead wire insulation inspection; 4. Inspection of the oil circulation pipeline and the insulation interface of the lower coil; 5. Inspection of the on-load voltage regulating switching device; 6. None Inspection of the excitation and voltage regulation switching device; 7. Insulation screen inspection; 8. Insulation barrier inspection; (Mantra: pig heart seal tube, tooth barrier) 2. After the inspection of the transformer body is completed, it must be flushed with 1. qualified transformer oil and the bottom of the oil tank must be cleaned. There must be no leftover debris. 2. The valves on the box wall should open and close flexibly and indicate correctly.

1. The transformer can be directly hoisted into place by a crane. 2. The track on the foundation of the transformer should be level, and the track gauge and wheel gauge should match. The top cover of the transformer equipped with a gas relay should have a rising slope of 1.0%-1.5% along the air flow direction of the gas relay. 3. When the transformer is connected to the closed busbar, the center line of the casing should be consistent with the center line of the closed busbar. 4. After the transformer is in place, the rollers should be fixed with a removable braking device.

1. The construction of the primary and secondary leads of the transformer should not cause the casing of the transformer to directly bear stress. 2. The neutral point on the low-voltage side of the transformer must be directly connected to the grounding trunk lead from the grounding device. The transformer box, bracket or shell should be grounded (PE) and marked. 3. In the grounding loop of the neutral point of the transformer, a detachable connection point should be made close to the outside of the transformer.

Insulating oil test or SF6 gas test

Measure the DC resistance of the winding together with the bushing

Check the voltage ratio of all taps

Check the three-phase connection group of the transformer

Measure the insulation resistance of cores and clamps

Measure the insulation resistance and absorption ratio of the winding and bushing

AC withstand voltage test of windings and bushings

Impact closing test at rated voltage

Check phase

1. When the transformer is put into operation for the first time, it can be switched on at full voltage for impact closing. The impact switching should be switched on from the high voltage side. 2. The transformer should undergo no-load and full-voltage impact closing for 5 times, and there should be no abnormality; after receiving power for the first time, the duration should not be less than 10 minutes; during full-voltage impact closing, the excitation inrush current should not cause the protection device to fail. Malfunction. 3. After the oil-immersed transformer is charged, check that all welds and connection surfaces of the oil system should not see any oil leakage. 4. Before parallel operation of transformers, the phase should be checked. 5. During the trial operation of the transformer, attention should be paid to the inrush current, no-load current, primary and secondary voltages, and temperature, and the trial operation records should be kept. 6. The transformer can be put into load operation only after it has been running without load for 24 hours without any abnormality.

1. The unevenness of the air gap should comply with the technical regulations of the product. 2. When there is no regulation, the ratio of the difference between the air gap at each point and the average air gap to the average air gap should be ±5%

1. The factory date of the motor exceeds the manufacturer's warranty period; if the manufacturer does not have a warranty period, the factory date has exceeded 1 year. 2. When the quality is questionable after visual inspection or electrical testing

When the insulation resistance cannot be met, drying must be carried out 1. Use a 500-1000V megger for motors of IkV and below, and the insulation resistance value should not be lower than IMQ/kV. 2. Use a 2500V megger for motors above 1kV. The insulation resistance of the stator winding should not be less than IMfl/kV, and the insulation resistance of the rotor winding should not be less than 0.5MQ/kV. An absorption ratio (R60/R15) test should be done, and the absorption ratio should not be less than 1.3.

Drying method

Precautions

1. During installation, a layer of hard wooden board or hard plastic or other anti-vibration material should be placed between the motor and the foundation. 2. Spring washers should be applied to all anchor bolts, and nuts should be tightened in diagonal staggered order. 3. The levelness of the motor should be adjusted, usually measured with a level. 4. There should generally be no more than three motor gaskets. The gaskets should be in tight contact with the foundation surface. Secondary grouting should be performed after the motor base is installed.

(1) Use a 500V megger to measure the insulation resistance of the motor winding. For 380V asynchronous motor should be ≧0.5 megohm (2) Check whether the motor is installed firmly and whether the anchor bolts are all tightened. (3) The protective grounding wire of the motor must be connected reliably. The cross-section of the grounding wire (copper core) is not less than 4mm2 and has a lock spring washer. (4) Check whether the coupling between the motor and the transmission machinery is installed properly. (5) Check whether the motor power switch, starting equipment, and control device are suitable. Is the fuse selection qualified? Is the thermal relay adjusted properly? Are the short-circuit release and thermal release settings correct? (6) Turn on the power and check whether the motor's steering direction is correct. If it is incorrect, just swap the two power cords on the power supply side or the motor junction box side. (7) For wound-type motors, slip rings and brushes should also be checked.

(1) The rotation direction of the motor should meet the requirements and there should be no noise; (2) The commutator, slip rings and brushes are working normally; (3) Check the temperature of the motor, there should be no overheating; (4) Vibration (double amplitude value) should not be greater than the value specified in the standard; (5) The temperature rise of sliding bearings and rolling bearings should not exceed the specified value; (6) The first start of the motor is generally carried out under no-load conditions. The no-load running time is 2 hours, and the no-load current of the motor is recorded.

Line measurement---Basic construction--Pole and tower assembly--Wire laying--Wire connection--Line test--Completion acceptance inspection (mantra: Standing instructor)

1. The displacement of the linear pole tower along the line and transverse line direction does not need to exceed the design distance requirements. 2. The horizontal lines and along-line displacements of corner towers and branch towers should meet the requirements.

1. The center deviation of the root opening of the double-rod foundation pit is ≦30mm, and the depth deviation of the two-rod pit is ≦20mm. When the pole foundation uses a chuck, the soil below it should be compacted in layers before installation. The installation location, direction and depth should meet the design requirements

1. The overall assembly method includes the falling type herringbone pole holding method and the seated leg type herringbone pole holding method. 2. The legislation for disassembly and assembly includes disassembling and assembling towers by holding poles with internal and external cables, inverting and assembling towers, etc.

Features: 1. Double hoisting can be performed at the same time 2. Reduces the tools and workload required for setting anchor piles 3. Improves construction efficiency 4. Not affected by the terrain around the tower

1. Each conductor is allowed to have only one joint within each span. However, conductors and lightning protection wires are not allowed to have joints where they cross roads, rivers, railways, important buildings, power lines and communication lines. 2. Wires of different materials, different cross-sections or different twisting directions can only be connected within the jumper on the pole. 3. The mechanical strength of the joint is ≧90% of the strength of the conductor itself. Resistance ≦ 1.2 times the resistance of the same length of wire. (analogy to tying a knot) 4. For jumper connections at tension poles, branch poles, etc., T-shaped wire racks and parallel groove wire clips can be used. 5. The crimping methods of overhead lines can be divided into clamping connection, hydraulic connection and explosion pressure connection. (Synopsis: Sorry)

1. Measure the insulation resistance of insulators and lines ----Insulation resistance measurement of suspension insulators and pillar insulators ----AC withstand voltage test of suspension insulators and pillar insulators 2. Measuring the power frequency parameters of lines above 35kV can be carried out according to professional requirements such as relay protection and overvoltage. 3. Check that the phases on both sides of each phase of the overhead line should be consistent. 4. Impact closing test: The impact closing test on the no-load line under rated voltage should be carried out three times. 5. Measure the ground resistance value of the tower and it should comply with the design requirements. 6. Wire joint test ----Voltage drop method: The voltage drop at both ends of a normal wire joint is generally ≦ 1.2 times the voltage drop of the same length of wire. ----Temperature method: Infrared thermometer, which can measure the temperature at a certain distance from the measured point, and test the connection quality of the joint by measuring the temperature of the wire joint

Shock closing of no-load line 3 times under rated voltage, no problem

1. The burial depth of directly buried cables should be ≧ 0.7m, and when crossing farmland, the burial depth should be ≧ 1m. 2. Directly buried cables generally use armored cables. Both ends of the metal sheath of the armored cable must be reliably grounded, and the grounding resistance is ≦10Ω. 3. After the cable is laid, 100mm thick soft soil or fine sand should be laid on it, and then covered with a concrete protective board. The coverage width should exceed 50mm on both sides of the cable, or use bricks instead of concrete protective boards. 4. For directly buried cables, obvious orientation signs or stakes should be set up every 50-100m in straight sections, at cable joints, at turns, and when entering buildings, etc. 5. There should be a cast iron or concrete protective box outside the cable intermediate joint box. The concrete base plate should be padded under the joint, and the length should extend 600~700mm from both ends of the joint protection box. 6. When the cable is introduced into a building or tunnel, it should be inserted into the pipe and the pipe opening should be blocked to prevent water seepage. 7. When cables cross each other and non-thermal pipes and pipelines, they must be worn in protective tubes when crossing roads. The length of the protective tube exceeds the intersection point by 1m, the clear crossing distance is ≧ 250mm, and the inner diameter of the protective tube is ≧ 1.5 times the outer diameter of the cable. 8. It is strictly prohibited to lay cables in parallel above or below the pipeline.

1. The hole diameter should generally be ≧1.5 times the outer diameter of the cable. The hole diameter of the row pipe for laying the power cable should be ≧100mm. The hole diameter of the control cable should be ≧75mm. 2. The distance from the top of the buried underground pipe to the ground should be ≧500mm on the sidewalk; ≧700mm in general areas 3. Where the straight line distance exceeds 100m, pipe cable wells must be installed at turns and branches of the pipe; the pipe leading to the well pit should have a slope of ≧0.1% so that the water in the pipe can flow into the well pit. 4. Cables laid in pipes should be armored cables.

1. Power cables and control cables should not be configured on the same layer of brackets 2. The control cable is on the ordinary bracket, ≦1 layer, and on the bridge frame, it is ≦3 layers. 3. High and low voltage power cables, strong current and weak current control cables should be arranged in layers in order, preferably from top to bottom. 4. AC three-core power cable has ≦ one layer on the ordinary support and hanger, and ≦2 layers on the bridge. 5. AC single-core power cables should be arranged on the same side bracket. When arranged in a close-fitting equilateral triangle, they should be firmly tied with straps every 1m. 6. After the cable laying is completed, debris should be removed in time and the cover should be covered. If necessary, the gaps in the cover should also be sealed.

1. The oil pressure of the charging cable is ≧0.15MPa. The oil supply valve should be in the open position and the action should be flexible. 2. Before laying, the length of each cable should be designed and calculated according to the actual path, and each cable should be arranged reasonably to reduce cable joints. 3. When laying cables in live areas, reliable safety measures should be taken. 4. The cable end sealing should be tight and the insulation test should be done as required. ---For cables above 6kV, AC withstand voltage and DC leakage tests should be applied; ---Test the insulation resistance of cables below 1kV with a megger and keep records.

1. When working, pulleys must be placed every 1.5-2m. The cable end is removed from the reel and placed on the pulley. Then it is buckled with a rope and dragged forward. Do not drag the cable on the ground. 2. When laying cables mechanically, they should be advanced slowly. The general speed is ≦15m/min. The pulling head must be equipped with a steel wire sleeve. Large-section cables with a length within 300m can be directly tied to the cable core for traction, and the protective layer must not be damaged during laying. 3. The maximum traction strength when laying cables mechanically should comply with relevant regulations. The total pulling force of charging cables is ≦27kN. 4. The cables inserted into the pipe should meet the design requirements. AC single-core cables must not be inserted into the steel pipe alone.

1. The length, model and specifications of cables laid in parallel should be the same, and the locations of the joints should be staggered from each other. 2. When the cable is laid out in the open, the connector should be fixed with a pallet. 3. There should be a protective box outside the directly buried cable junction box to prevent mechanical damage. The protective box located in the frozen soil layer should be filled with asphalt.

1. Signs should be installed on cables at cable terminals, cable joints, corners, mezzanines, both ends of shafts in tunnels, manholes, etc. 2. The signboard should indicate the line number. The writing on the signboard should be clear and not easy to fall off. When there is no number, the cable model, specification and starting and ending locations should be stated. Cables used in parallel should have sequence numbers. 3. The specifications of the signs should be uniform, the signs should be anti-corrosion and the hanging should be firm.

1. The insulation resistance of cables of 1kV and above can be measured with a 2500V megger. The minimum insulation resistance values ​​of cables with different voltage levels should comply with regulations. 2. Before measuring the insulation resistance of the cable line, use a wire to short-circuit the cable to the ground and discharge it. When the grounding line is long or the insulation performance is good, the discharge time is ≧1min. 3. After the measurement is completed or when further measurement is required, the cable should be grounded again for discharge. 4. Each measurement needs to record the ambient temperature, temperature, voltage level of the insulation resistance meter and other factors that may affect the measurement results. Analyze and compare the measurement results to correctly judge the quality of the cable insulation performance.

1. The withstand voltage test is conducted with DC voltage, and the test voltage standard should meet the requirements. 2. While conducting the DC withstand voltage test, measure the leakage current with a microammeter connected to the high voltage side. The maximum asymmetry coefficient of three-phase leakage current is generally ≦2. For cables of 10kV and above, if the leakage current is <20uA, the maximum asymmetric system of the three-phase leakage current is not specified.

1. Set up lightning wires. Let lightning strike directly on the lightning line to protect the transmission conductor from lightning strike. 2. Increase the number of insulator strings to strengthen the insulation. When lightning falls on the line, the insulator string will not flash. 3. Reduce the grounding resistance of the tower, which can quickly discharge lightning current into the ground and prevent the voltage of the tower from rising too high. Prevent the insulator from being counterattacked. 4. Install tubular air-termination devices or discharge gaps to limit overvoltage caused by lightning strikes. 5. Install automatic reclosing to prevent power outages after the external insulation flashover caused by lightning strikes causes the circuit breaker to trip. 6. Use the arc suppression coil grounding method. The ground fault current of a single-phase lightning strike can be extinguished by the arc suppression coil, so that the fault is automatically eliminated. 7. Settings of lightning terminals for transmission lines with different voltage levels: ✦For power transmission lines of 500kV and above, double lightning lines should be installed on the entire line. The higher the transmission line, the smaller the protection angle. ✦220-330kV lines should be equipped with double air-termination wires on the entire line. The protection angle of the air-termination wires on the towers for the conductors is 20-30 degrees (memory: echoing before and after) ✦The 110kV line is equipped with lightning wires along the entire line, and double lightning wires are used in areas with particularly strong lightning. In areas with few minefields or areas where operating experience proves that lightning activity is light, lightning wires may not be erected along the line, but the tower should still be grounded along with the foundation (memory: 110 is very flexible)

Air-termination devices are used to limit the overvoltage amplitude of intruding lightning waves. Valve-type air-termination devices are usually used in substations, and metal oxide air-termination devices are used in power plant generators. (memory: fine)

1. Install independent air-termination pins or air-termination wires to protect buildings, structures and objects protruding from the roof. 2. The tip of the air-termination needle on or near the top of a discharge pipe, breathing valve, exhaust pipe, or near the top of a pipe containing explosive gas, steam or dust should be at least 3m higher than the top of the pipe. 3. Install a voltage equalizing ring and use the grounding trunk of electrical equipment to connect to the metal structures and metal equipment in buildings and structures.

1. When installing an exhaust air-termination device, the gas discharged from it should be prevented from causing flashover between phases or to the ground, and should not be sprayed onto other electrical equipment. 2. The grounding wire of the zinc oxide air-termination device should be a soft copper wire with a cross-sectional area of ​​not less than 15mm2. When installing, pay attention to the safe distance between the upper live part of the air terminal and the outer shell of the electrical cabinet or other equipment in the cabinet. 3. The length of the connection line between the tubular air-termination device and the protected equipment shall not be greater than 4m. During installation, short circuits caused by the intersection of ionized gases discharged from each air-termination device shall be avoided.

1. Measure the insulation resistance of the air terminal. 2. Measure the leakage current of the air-termination device, the AC conductivity current of the magnetic air-termination device, and the continuous current of the metal oxide air-termination device. 3. Measure the power frequency reference voltage or DC reference voltage of the metal oxide air-termination device, and measure the power-frequency discharge voltage of the FS type valve air-termination device.

1. The metal ground electrode is made of galvanized angle steel, galvanized steel pipe, copper rod or copper bar and other metal materials. 2. Grounding poles are divided into vertical grounding poles and horizontal grounding poles. 3. When digging the grounding wire trench, it should be carried out according to the design requirements. The distance between the center line of the trench and the foundation of the building or structure should not be less than 2m, and the distance between the grounding device of the independent lightning rod and the repeated grounding should not be less than 3m.

Usually the burial depth of the top surface of the grounding module should not be less than 0.6m. The distance between ground modules should not be less than 3 ~ 5 times the module length

Installation of outdoor ground wire

Installation of indoor ground wire

1. In an environment with explosion risk, the metal shell of electrical equipment should be reliably grounded. 2. All electrical equipment in Zone 1 with explosive gas atmosphere and other electrical equipment except lighting fixtures in Zone 2 should use special grounding wires. 3. The grounding trunk line should be connected to the grounding body at no less than two places in different directions in the explosion hazard area. 4. The grounding device of electrical equipment and the grounding device of an independent lightning rod should be set up separately; they can be combined with the grounding device of the lightning rod on the building.

1. The metal shell of electrical equipment in explosive dust environments should be reliably grounded. (1) All electrical equipment in Zone 10 of explosive dust environment should have special grounding wires. (2) All electrical equipment in Zone 11 of explosive dust environment can use metal pipelines or metal components with reliable electrical connections as ground wires (PE wires), but pipes transporting explosive hazardous substances must not be used. 2. In order to improve the reliability of grounding, the grounding trunk should be connected to the grounding body in different directions and at least two places in the explosion hazard area.

1. The metal shell of electrical equipment should be reliably grounded. 2. The ground trunk line should be connected to the ground body at no less than two places.