(1) Project communication management refers to the process required to ensure the timely and correct generation, collection, distribution, storage and final processing of project information.

(2) Barnard, a famous organizational management scientist, believes: "Communication is a means of connecting members of an organization to achieve common goals." Without communication, there would be no management.

(3) The project communication management process reveals a liaison process between the three elements of people, opinions, and information required to achieve successful communication.

The importance of communication management The four most important factors related to IT project success are: ①Support from management ②User participation ③Experienced project manager ④Clear business goals. All of these factors rely on the project manager and team to have good communication skills.

(1) The communication model, also called the communication process model, refers to the process model in which the information sender uses language, text, actions, expressions and other media to deliver knowledge, thoughts, emotions and other information to the information receiver. The model contains five key elements, as shown in Figure 10-2. After carefully understanding the position of each element in the figure, we can draw the following conclusion: In the actual communication process, the influence of noise is everywhere, and we cannot completely eliminate it.

(2) The five basic states of the communication model: sent, received, understood, recognized, and transformed into positive action. Suggested shorthand words: sending, receiving, processing and recognizing transfer.

(1) Communication channels refer to the medium for transmitting information selected and established by the information source, that is, the channel through which information communicators transmit information. Please note the key elements in determining formal channels for information sources: The organization establishes, delivers information about work-related activities, and follows the power network in the organization. The types and methods of communication channels are shown in Table 10-1.

(2) Techniques to improve communication effects include: praising the other party, empathizing, being relaxed and humorous, seeking common ground while reserving differences, and explaining things in simple terms. Skills in listening include: avoiding distracting actions or gestures, repeating correctly and effectively, avoiding casually interrupting the other person, and trying to listen more and talk less. Techniques in presentation include: preparing ideas and outlines in advance, soliciting opinions in a timely and reasonable manner, avoiding over-expressing yourself, and trying to be concise and concise.

(1) Project stakeholders refer to individuals or groups who have an interest relationship with the project. Project stakeholders benefit or suffer from the project, and will have an impact on promoting or hindering the development of the project.

(2) Project stakeholder management refers to the process of identifying the needs, hopes and expectations of project stakeholders, and meeting their needs and solving their problems through communication management.

(1) Project stakeholder analysis, communication management and problem management constitute the main content of project stakeholder management.

(2) The basis for project stakeholder management includes: project management plan, communication management plan and organizational process assets.

(1) Communication is the most important skill for project managers. The project manager does not need to be an expert in project technology, but must be an expert in project communication.

(2) Project communication management includes the various processes required to ensure the timely and appropriate planning, collection, generation, release, storage, retrieval, management, control, supervision and final disposal of project information.

(3) The main processes of project communication management include planning communication management, management communication and control communication. You need to master the input, output and main functions of each process. Whether it is in the afternoon case analysis questions or thesis questions, they can be used as test points. The test points that need to be mastered in each part are shown in Table 10-3.

(1) Project stakeholder management should manage stakeholder satisfaction as a key project goal.

(2) The process of managing stakeholder expectations aims to improve relationships with stakeholders and solve problems that occur through communication with them. Communication between key project stakeholders must be managed to resolve issues. The main purpose of managing stakeholder expectations is to prevent serious disagreements between stakeholders.

(3) The information release process aims to enable project stakeholders to obtain relevant information. Meetings are an important means of communication, but not all problems require meetings to resolve.

(4) The input and output of each process of project stakeholder management are shown in Table 10-4.

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(1) Although the calculation of communication channels is simple, it is a common test point, so it must be mastered.

(2) n here refers to the number of stakeholders, that is, the number of people participating in the communication. In the exam, the number of stakeholders and communication channels are often not simply given. For details, please refer to the key test points and example questions.

(1) The following shorthand words can be used for communication methods: push-pull and interaction. A comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of each method is shown in Table 10-5.

(2) Different factors correspond to different communication methods, including communication needs, cost and time constraints, availability of relevant tools and resources, and familiarity with relevant tools and resources.

According to the seriousness of communication, it is divided into formal communication and informal communication; According to the direction of communication, it is divided into one-way communication and two-way communication, horizontal communication and vertical communication; According to the communication tools, it is divided into written communication and oral communication.

(1) Reporting performance means collecting and publishing performance information, including status reports, progress measurements, and forecasts.

(2) Pay attention to the four forms of reports: simple reports, detailed reports, regularly prepared reports and abnormal situation reports.

Typically stakeholder involvement levels are categorized as follows: unaware, resistant, neutral, supportive, and leading. It can be remembered in the following way: The leader does not know whether to be neutral or support everyone's demands, so that everyone resists the leader together.

(1) Interpersonal skills can be quickly memorized by the following methods: establishing (trust) active (listening) mechanisms to resolve (conflict) and overcome (resistance to change) problems.

(2) Management skills include but are not limited to the following: two consensuses (guiding stakeholders to reach consensus on project goals and reaching consensus through negotiation), one influence (exerting positive influence on stakeholders) and one adjustment (adjusting organizational behavior and accepting projects) results).

1. Tools and technologies for information distribution: communication technology, information collection and retrieval systems, information distribution methods, experiences and lessons learned.

2. It is necessary to understand the content of the performance report (that is, the performance report in the old version of the book): the progress and adjustment of the project, the completion of the project, the total project investment and the availability of funds, the actual expenditure of project funds, the main benefits of the project, The implementation of the financial system, the performance of each functional team of the project team, problems existing in project execution and improvement measures, forecasts, and change requests.

Project stakeholder management refers to the process of identifying the needs, hopes and expectations of project stakeholders, and meeting their needs and solving their problems through communication management.

Every project has stakeholders who are positively or negatively affected by the project or exert a positive or negative influence on the project.

Stakeholders have limited or significant influence. The project manager correctly identifies and reasonably manages the stakeholders, which can determine the success or failure of the project.

Benefits of Stakeholder Management

44. Identify stakeholders

45. Plan stakeholder management

46. ​​Manage stakeholder engagement

47. Control stakeholder participation

You will win more resources. Through project stakeholder management, you can get the support of more influential stakeholders, and you will naturally get more resources.

Fast and frequent communication will ensure a complete understanding of the needs, hopes and expectations of project stakeholders; in a sense, requirements management is part of project stakeholder management.

Able to predict the impact of project stakeholders on the project, communicate and formulate corresponding action plans as early as possible to avoid interference from project stakeholders.

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