Nasal symptoms: nasal congestion, obliterative nasal sounds

Ear symptoms: secretory otitis media, suppurative otitis media

Throat and lower respiratory tract symptoms: pharyngeal discomfort, cough, bronchitis irritation symptoms

The onset is sudden, with dryness and burning of the throat at first, followed by sore throat (especially when swallowing on an empty stomach), and the pain can radiate to the ears; systemic symptoms are generally mild, and in severe cases may include fever, headache, loss of appetite, and sore limbs. ;If the disease persists for 1 week and still does not improve after 2 weeks, the possibility of other conditions should be considered.

The oropharyngeal/nasopharyngeal mucosa shows acute diffuse congestion, palatal arch/uvula edema, and lymphatic follicles on the posterior pharyngeal wall/lateral pharyngeal cords are red and swollen; during bacterial infection, yellowish white spots may appear in the center of the lymphatic follicles on the posterior pharyngeal wall. Discharge; submandibular lymph node enlargement and tenderness

Pharyngeal bacterial culture

Otitis media, sinusitis, laryngitis, tracheobronchitis, pneumonia; acute nephritis, rheumatic fever, sepsis

Bed rest, drink plenty of fluids, antivirals/antibiotics

Local treatment: compound borax gargle, oral domiphene throat tablets, silver nitrate application, etc.

Recurrent episodes of acute pharyngitis, upper respiratory tract infection, long-term excessive smoking and alcohol consumption, occupational factors, gastroesophageal reflux, postnasal drip, allergies

Various chronic diseases, endocrine disorders, autonomic nervous system dysfunction, and vitamin deficiency

Pharyngeal discomfort (foreign body sensation, burning sensation, dryness, itching, irritation, slight pain), frequent irritating coughs in the morning; systemic symptoms are generally not obvious

Chronic simple pharyngitis: diffuse congestion of the mucosa; a small amount of sticky secretions often adheres to the posterior pharyngeal wall; thickening of the uvula and vermiform drooping

Chronic hypertrophic pharyngitis: mucosal hypertrophy and diffuse congestion; there are many granular raised lymphoid follicles on the posterior pharyngeal wall; congestion and hypertrophy of the lateral pharyngeal cords on both sides

Chronic simple pharyngitis: compound borax gargle, iodine throat lozenges, etc.

Chronic hypertrophic pharyngitis: The lymph follicles on the posterior pharyngeal wall still need to be treated, and can be cauterized with 10% nitrate

acute suppurative tonsillitis

Acute catarrhal tonsillitis: local and systemic symptoms are mild

Acute facial appearance; diffuse congestion in the pharynx (especially the tonsils and bilateral palatal arches), enlarged tonsils; acute suppurative tonsillitis can be seen with yellow-white pus spots on the surface or bean dregs-like exudate in the crypts (which can form a similar Pseudomembrane-like structure, but does not extend beyond the tonsils and is easy to wipe away)

Blood routine: WBC↑, ESR/CRP↑

Local: peritonsillar cellulitis, peritonsillar abscess, parapharyngeal abscess, acute otitis media, acute rhinitis and sinusitis, acute lymphadenitis

Systemic: glomerulonephritis, acute rheumatic fever, rheumatic valvular heart disease

General treatment: bed rest, nutritional support, antipyretic and analgesic drugs, appropriate isolation

Antibiotics: primary treatment; penicillin preferred

Topical Treatment: Borax Compound Gargle

Chinese medicine

If the disease relapses (≥3 times per year) and has complications, tonsillectomy should be performed 2 to 3 weeks after the acute inflammation subsides.

More common in children; manifested by tonsillar hypertrophy, lymphoid tissue hyperplasia, and wide crypt openings

More common in adults; manifested by shrinkage and toughness of tonsils, adhesion to surrounding areas, and obstruction of crypt openings

The crypt opening is blocked by pus plugs/scars and significantly expands, becoming a focus of infection; the lesions are serious and prone to complications.

There is obvious sore throat during the attack, and there may be dry throat, itching, foreign body sensation, and irritating cough between attacks.

Bad breath may occur when there is anaerobic bacterial infection in the tonsillar crypts

Excessive tonsil hypertrophy can cause snoring, difficulty breathing, and difficulty swallowing during sleep.

After being swallowed and absorbed, the pus plugs in the tonsillar crypts can produce systemic reactions such as indigestion, fatigue, and low fever.

The size of the tonsils is variable (mostly reduced in adults), and scars can be seen on the surface that are shrunk and uneven, and may be adherent to the palatal arch; there is often purulent material at the crypt openings, and when the palatoglossal arch is squeezed, yellowish-white cheese-like dots can be seen at the crypt openings Material spillage; swollen lymph nodes in the angle of the mandible are often seen

Rheumatoid arthritis, rheumatic fever, myocarditis, nephritis, long-term low fever

focal tonsils

Primary: occurs within 24 hours after surgery; the most common reasons are inaccurate intraoperative hemostasis, leftover remains, and the sequelae of epinephrine.

Secondary: Appears 5 to 6 days after surgery; the most common cause is accidental abrasion of the wound after eating after the albuginea falls off

Aspiration pneumonia, aspiration lung abscess, atelectasis