MindMap Gallery botany
The arrangement is incomplete based on "Botany" edited by Qiang Sheng, and mainly includes plants, Dicotyledonous plants, monocotyledonous plants, etc. Friends who like it can give it a like!
Edited at 2024-03-25 17:25:42This Valentine's Day brand marketing handbook provides businesses with five practical models, covering everything from creating offline experiences to driving online engagement. Whether you're a shopping mall, restaurant, or online brand, you'll find a suitable strategy: each model includes clear objectives and industry-specific guidelines, helping brands transform traffic into real sales and lasting emotional connections during this romantic season.
This Valentine's Day map illustrates love through 30 romantic possibilities, from the vintage charm of "handwritten love letters" to the urban landscape of "rooftop sunsets," from the tactile experience of a "pottery workshop" to the leisurely moments of "wine tasting at a vineyard"—offering a unique sense of occasion for every couple. Whether it's cozy, experiential, or luxurious, love always finds the most fitting expression. May you all find the perfect atmosphere for your love story.
The ice hockey schedule for the Milano Cortina 2026 Winter Olympics, featuring preliminary rounds, quarterfinals, and medal matches for both men's and women's tournaments from February 5–22. All game times are listed in Eastern Standard Time (EST).
This Valentine's Day brand marketing handbook provides businesses with five practical models, covering everything from creating offline experiences to driving online engagement. Whether you're a shopping mall, restaurant, or online brand, you'll find a suitable strategy: each model includes clear objectives and industry-specific guidelines, helping brands transform traffic into real sales and lasting emotional connections during this romantic season.
This Valentine's Day map illustrates love through 30 romantic possibilities, from the vintage charm of "handwritten love letters" to the urban landscape of "rooftop sunsets," from the tactile experience of a "pottery workshop" to the leisurely moments of "wine tasting at a vineyard"—offering a unique sense of occasion for every couple. Whether it's cozy, experiential, or luxurious, love always finds the most fitting expression. May you all find the perfect atmosphere for your love story.
The ice hockey schedule for the Milano Cortina 2026 Winter Olympics, featuring preliminary rounds, quarterfinals, and medal matches for both men's and women's tournaments from February 5–22. All game times are listed in Eastern Standard Time (EST).
botany
plant body
plant organs
vegetative organs
root
structure
morphology
stem
structure
morphology
leaf
structure
morphology
reproductive organs
Compound reproductive organs - flowers
structure
morphology
fruit
structure
morphology
Seeds (and seedlings)
structure
morphology
plant tissue
meristem
According to existing parts
apical meristem
lateral meristem
intermediary meristem
By source and nature
primitive meristem
primary meristem
secondary meristem
mature organization
conservation organization
nutritional tissue
mechanical organization
conducting tissue
secretory structure
plant cells
structure and matter
cell wall
structure
Intercellular layer (middle layer/mesoglia)
Found on the outermost layer of the cell wall, which is the layer shared by two adjacent cells
The main ingredient is pectin
primary wall
secondary wall
composition
cell membrane
Cytosol (cytoplasmic matrix)
organelles
cell nucleus
hind inclusion
communication structure
Life Events
proliferation
grow
differentiation
dicotyledons
root
Physiological functions: absorption, support, fixation, synthesis, storage, reproduction
primary growth
root crown
meristematic zone
elongation zone
root hair area
nascent structure
epidermis
cortex
Integumentary layer: becomes storage tissue
endothelium
Kjeldahl's Band: A band-like thickened area of lignification and suberization on the radial and transverse walls of endothelial cells. Function: Blocks the apoplastic transport pathways between the cortex and stele through interstitial spaces and dead cells. Solutes entering the stele can only pass through the protoplasts of endothelial cells, thus making the root's absorption of substances selective.
center column
Differentiated from the procambium, composed of pericycle, primary xylem, primary phloem, parenchyma cells
stem
leaf
flower
Fruit/Seed
monocots
Fruit (caryopse)
Peel (tightly connected to the seed coat)
seed
Seed coat (tightly connected to the pericarp)
endosperm
Nutrients of seeds
embryo
germ
young leaves
germ growth point
Epicotyl
coleoptile node
coleoptile
mesocotyl
Scutum Festival
Scutellum (inner cotyledons)
hypocotyl
radicle
radicle sheath
*Ectodermal leaves (ectocotyledons)
Two sources of speculation
root
Characteristics of roots
No cambium is produced, no secondary growth and secondary structures
root structure
epidermis
cortex
outer cortex
cortical parenchyma cells
endothelium
Horseshoe shaped thickening
channel cells
center column
pericycle
primary phloem
primary xylem
marrow
Wheat exception
stem
Stem Characteristics
Monocotyledonous plants - generally have no cambium layer and therefore no secondary growth and secondary structures
There are obvious nodes and internodes, most of the internodes are hollow, and a few are solid.
thicken
primary thickening growth
abnormal secondary growth
tangential splitting
Peripheral wood vascular bundle
stem structure
epidermis
long cell
cell wall keratinization
short cells
silicon cells
The silicate content is related to stem strength and resistance to pests and diseases.
plug cells
stomatal apparatus
guard cells
Dumbbell shape
parasite cells
diamond
mechanical organization
Located inside the epidermis, several layers of posterior wall cells
Often arranged in a wavy shape into continuous rings
or separated by assimilation organizations
basic organization
medullary cavity
Schizophrenia airway
vascular bundle
vascular bundle sheath
primary xylem
primary phloem
leaf
special single leaf
blade
epidermis
epidermal cells
long cell
Longitudinal arrangement/siliceous and suberous papillae
short cells
silicon cells
Resistant to lodging/resistant to pests and diseases
plug cells
One long cell and two different short cells arranged alternately
stomatal apparatus
2 guard cells
Long and narrow dumbbell shape
Both ends are enlarged and the wall is thin
The cell wall is particularly thickened in the middle
2 accessory cells
Rhombus
chloroplast
Regulate substance and water metabolism of guard cells
Alveolar cells (motor cells)
Each group of bubble cells is fan-shaped, with large cells in the center and small cells on both sides.
When excessive water loss occurs, the leaves will wilt and curl into a tube shape.
mesophyll
Isofacial leaves
Spongy tissue and palisade tissue differentiation
Cell morphology
Irregular dumbbell shape
bumps and grooves
Place "King" or "M, N, H" horizontally
"Peak, valley, waist, ring"
Morphological meaning
Expand the area of the cytoplasmic membrane
It is conducive to more chloroplasts being arranged at the edge of the cell, which facilitates the absorption of CO2 and light energy for photosynthesis.
vein
Limited external tough vascular bundle
C4 plants
"garland" structure
vascular bundle sheath
Single layer of thin-walled cells, larger cells, neatly arranged, containing chloroplasts
The chloroplasts are larger than the mesophyll cells, the thylakoids are well developed, and only a small amount of grana are formed.
Outer layer of mesophyll cells
C3 plants
2 layers of bundle sheath cells
The outer cell wall is thin and larger, and contains fewer chloroplasts than the mesophyll cells.
The inner cell wall is thick, small, and contains no chloroplasts
Junction
ligule
leaf ear
leaf pillow
leaf sheath
epidermis
outer skin
few pores
inner epidermis
1 long cell and 2 short cells arranged alternately, no alveolar cells
basic organization
parenchyma cells
Young leaf sheaths contain chloroplasts
vascular bundle
Evenly distributed, 1 layer, arranged in a ring, with mechanical tissue inside and outside
Protective function