Personality, also known as personality, is a unique combination of various psychological characteristics or qualities with certain psychological tendencies. It is a relatively stable system.

Wholeness, stability, uniqueness (individual differences), sociality

Personality tendency (the most active factor in the personality psychological structure, the dynamic system of personality psychology)

Personality psychological characteristics (trait system)

Self-awareness (regulatory system)

Connection: They are all components of personality. The three are not isolated, but are interconnected and influence each other.

The main place where children’s personality is socialized

School and social culture are the most direct and important influencing factors

School is the dominant factor in the formation and development of personality

Temperament is a relatively stable dynamic characteristic displayed by an individual, mainly manifested in the intensity, speed, flexibility and stability of psychological activities.

Has relative stability, individual differences and certain variability

Choleric (Li Kui, Zhang Fei)

Sanguine (Wang Xifeng, Cao Cao)

Phlegm (Lin Chong, Sha Monk)

Depression (Lin Daiyu)

Lively and active type

Stubborn and rebellious

ego type

Undisciplined

Lively and active: Children like to walk around and move things, are willing to participate in all kinds of labor within their capabilities, and do things under the guidance of adults

Like to interact: Peer interaction and teacher-student interaction are important ways to promote children's socialization and play an important role in children's physical and mental development. Adults should encourage young children to establish good interpersonal relationships with others, which has positive significance for children to develop a good and happy emotional state.

Curious and inquisitive: Children are eager to understand the essence of things and like to satisfy their curiosity through exploratory behaviors such as taking a look and touching them.

Strong imitation: Strong imitation is a typical characteristic of individuals in early childhood. Children aged 3 to 4 years old perform particularly well. Mainly imitate teachers and parents

Easily impulsive: Children's emotions change easily and are impulsive. Children's emotions are exposed, and all their joys, anger, sorrows and joys are expressed.

The role of heredity: the natural basis for character formation, providing the possibility for the formation and development of character

The influence of family: Family is the first school for individuals to understand the world and gain knowledge.

The role of kindergarten education

influence of social environment

The role of social practice activities: the best way to improve children's social communication skills and cultivate children's independence and will quality

Through one-day activities in kindergarten (the basic way to shape children’s good character)

Through games (the most important way young children learn) and various activities

Create a good family atmosphere

Maintain the unity of family and school education

Set a good example for young children

The prerequisites and effective means of mastering knowledge and skills are helpful for the formation of good character traits.

General ability (general motor ability, operational ability and intelligence)

Special abilities (musical ability, organizational skills)

Imitation ability (young children role-play in games)

Creativity (children’s creation of imaginary paintings)

cognitive ability

Operation ability

Social skills

Respect individual differences and teach students in accordance with their aptitude

3 to 6 years old is an important period for individual intellectual development

By the age of 4, intelligence has developed to 50%

By the age of 8, intelligence develops to 80%, and the development speed slows down significantly.

Adults must pay attention to imparting correct and understandable knowledge and skills to young children

Adults should pay attention to cultivating children’s interests

Strong will and unremitting efforts are important factors for the development of abilities. "Diligence can make up for weakness, but the stupid bird will fly first"

An individual's awareness of himself and his relationship with the things around him is an important part of personality

self-knowledge

self experience

self-regulation

Before 1 year old: The development of self-awareness and the inability to separate oneself from the surrounding objects. Don’t know that hands and feet are part of one’s own body

1~2 years old: The development of self-awareness, and the child has viewed himself as an independent individual. Smile at yourself in the mirror

2~3 years old: budding self-awareness. Can use it accurately to express wishes and show initial independence

When children are 2 to 3 years old, they can accurately express their wishes through I, which marks the bud of self-awareness (a sign of the emergence of self-awareness in children).

Developmental characteristics of self-evaluation

Characteristics of self-control development

Self-experience development characteristics

After 3 years of age: The development of self-awareness. Self-awareness has further developed in all aspects, and self-evaluation, self-experience and self-control have begun to develop. Able to control myself to eat less sweets

Teachers should pay attention to their words and deeds and evaluate children in a positive manner

Teachers should guide children to understand themselves and learn to evaluate others correctly

Teachers should help parents understand the importance of cultivating children's self-awareness, guide parents to fully understand children, guide parents to master scientific methods of evaluating children, and require parents to correctly evaluate children.