MindMap Gallery Intermediate Economist-Business Administration-Chapter 4 Production Management and Control
Intermediate Economist - Business Administration - Chapter 4: Collection of knowledge related to production management and control, including: production planning, production operation planning, production control, production operation control, modern production management and control methods, etc.
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This is a mind map about bacteria, and its main contents include: overview, morphology, types, structure, reproduction, distribution, application, and expansion. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about plant asexual reproduction, and its main contents include: concept, spore reproduction, vegetative reproduction, tissue culture, and buds. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
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Production management and control
Production Plan
production capacity
definition
meaning
Calculated based on fixed assets directly involved in production
Must be linked to certain technical and organizational conditions
Reflects the physical quantity within one year
type
Design and production capabilities
The production capacity specified during capital construction and the goal of efforts during capital construction
Check production capacity
Re-examine the approved production capacity
Provide a basis for studying the company's current production and operation problems and future development
When determining the production scale, preparing long-term plans and determining expansion and reconstruction plans
planned production capacity
actual production capacity
Decided on recent production arrangements
When preparing corporate annual and quarterly plans
Factors affecting production capacity
Number of fixed assets, working hours of fixed assets, production efficiency
Accounting of production capacity P86
The meaning and indicators of production plan
Production Plan
Medium and long-term production plan
3-5 years
annual production plan
A programmatic plan to determine the production level of an enterprise
production operation plan
It is the concrete implementation of the company’s annual production plan.
executive plan
Production planning indicators
1. Product variety indicators
Product capital profit margin, sales profit margin, market capacity, and the impact of the product on the national economy and people's livelihood
2. Product quality indicators
indicators of intrinsic quality
Product average technical performance
Product quality grading
Indicators of work quality during product production
Quality loss rate
Rejection rate
Finished product return rate
3. Product output indicators
Break-even method, linear programming method
4. Product output value indicators
Industrial output
The total amount of industrial products produced by industrial enterprises in monetary terms during the reporting period
An indicator that reflects the total scale and level of industrial production in a certain period of time
Enterprise final results
Industrial commodity output value
The total value of industrial products sold outside the enterprise within a certain period of time is the monetary income that the enterprise can obtain.
Industrial added value
The final results of an enterprise's industrial production activities expressed in currency during the reporting period
New value created plus depreciation of fixed assets
Excludes the transfer value of products consumed by each other between enterprises
social end result
Preparation of production plan
1. Research
2. Make overall arrangements and initially propose production plan indicators
3. Comprehensive balance and preparation of plans
4. Finalization and approval of production plan outline
Product production schedule
Large-scale mass production enterprises
The average distribution method of output in each period
Uniform growth distribution method of output in each period
Parabolic growth distribution method of output in each period
mass production enterprise
Large output, long flow of water
Small output, centralized production
Consider gradually replacing old and new products
Product matching
Single piece small batch production enterprise
production operation plan
Overview
The planning period is short, the plan content is specific, and the planning unit is small
Future volume standard
A large number of enterprises
Beat or rhythm, standard work instruction chart of the assembly line, work-in-progress quota
Groups of rotating enterprises
Batch size, production cycle, production interval, production lead time
Single piece small batch enterprise
Production cycle, production lead time
Preparation of production operation plan
Work in process quota method (chain calculation method)
A large number of enterprises
Lead time method (cumulative numbering method)
mass production enterprise
production cycle method
Single piece small batch enterprise
production control
concept
Scheduling, production schedule control and scheduling
Inventory control
QC
Cost Control
Narrow sense: production operation control
basic procedure
Three stages: measurement and comparison, control decision-making, and implementation
1. Establish control standards
Analogy method, decomposition method, quota method, standardization method
2. Check actual implementation according to standards
3. Control decisions
4. Implementation
Way
ex post control
Feedback control, the focus of control is the production activities of the next period
control during events
Real-time control to ensure the current plan is completed as scheduled
prior control
The method of adjusting "input parameters" to implement regulatory control, feedforward control, focuses on the prediction of relevant influencing factors in advance planning and execution.
production operation control
Production progress control
Goal: Just-in-time production
content
Invest in progress control
Process progress control
Production progress control
Work in progress control
blank
Semi-finished products
Finished product before storage
Workshop work in progress
Inventory control
definition
effect
1. Keep inventory at a reasonable level
2. Keep track of inventory dynamics, place orders in the right amount at the right time, and avoid overstocking or shortages
3. Reduce inventory space occupation and reduce total inventory costs
4. Control the occupation of inventory funds and accelerate capital turnover
Inventory management costs
Warehousing costs
Ordering cost
opportunity cost
Basic methods of inventory control
1. Quantitative control method (order point method)
2. Periodic control method (order interval method)
3. Pareto method (ABC classification)
Prioritize and manage by categories
Materials 5%-10%, funds account for 70%, Category A
Short order lead time, 1-3 days
Materials account for 70%, funds account for 10%, Category C
Long order intervals
20% of material funds, Category B
production scheduling
definition
Organize and implement the production schedule plan, supervise, adhere to and control the production plan, and make timely adjustments when deviations are discovered
basic requirements
Fast and accurate
1. Must be based on the production schedule plan, basic principles
2. Must be highly centralized and unified
3. Focus on prevention
4. Proceed from reality and implement the mass line
organize
Large
Long-term, workshop, section
Small and medium
Department, workshop
content
1. Scheduling duty system
2. Scheduling reporting system
3. Scheduling meeting system
4. On-site scheduling system
5. Group meeting system before and after classes
Modern production management and control methods
MRP
Master production plan (product output plan)
Bill of Materials (Product Structure Document)
Inventory handling information (inventory status file)
MRPⅡ
planning and control process system
basic data system
Financial System
ERP
MRP is the core of ERP, and MRPⅡ is an important part of ERP.
Production control module
Is the core module of ERP
master production schedule
Material Requirements Planning
Capacity Requirements Planning
Production site control
Manufacturing Standards
Logistics management module
Financial management module
Human resources management module
Toyota Production System
Starting from the needs of customers, we will eliminate any waste of materials, manpower, time, space, energy, transportation and other resources.
Just-in-time production is the core of Toyota Production System
1. Just-in-time and automation
JIL is a pull production system
2. Standardized operations
3. Multi-skilled workers
4. Kanban management system
5. On-site improvement activities involving all employees
6. Total quality management
Kanban usage rules
Unqualified products will not be submitted to subsequent processes.
Pick up the package at a later stage
Only produce the number of workpieces received from subsequent processes
balanced production
Improve management level by reducing the number of Kanban boards