Direct sales channel refers to the channel where manufacturers or suppliers sell products or services directly to final consumers.

The characteristics of direct sales channels include removing intermediate links, communicating directly with consumers, and providing personalized services.

Retail channel refers to the channel through which products or services are sold to final consumers through retailers.

The characteristics of retail channels include convenient consumption, providing choices, and providing after-sales services.

The wholesale channel is the channel through which products or services are resold from manufacturers or suppliers to retailers or other distributors.

Characteristics of the wholesale channel include economies of scale, provision of logistics and inventory management, etc.

Intermediary channels refer to channels that resell products or services to final consumers through dealers, agents or brokers.

The characteristics of intermediary channels include market coverage, sales capabilities and channel management.

Determine goals such as market share, sales and sales growth to guide channel management strategies.

Select appropriate channel members based on channel goals and needs, and conduct regular evaluation and adjustments.

Provide the support and training channel members need to improve their sales and market development capabilities.

Regularly evaluate channel performance, provide feedback and rewards based on the evaluation results, and motivate channel members.

Make channel management decisions, including pricing, promotion, channel development, etc., and ensure execution results.

Channel conflict refers to the conflict of interests and contradictions in cooperative relationships between channel members.

Methods to resolve channel conflicts include reasonable distribution of interests, communication and coordination, and establishing mutual trust.

Channel cooperation refers to the cooperation and win-win relationship between channel members.

Ways to strengthen channel cooperation include reasonable division of labor, joint marketing, resource sharing, etc.

Channel development refers to improving market coverage and sales capabilities by developing new channels and expanding existing channels.

Channel development strategies include channel diversification, channel innovation and channel layout optimization.

Apply information technology and management tools to realize informatization and refinement of channel management.

The applications of channel management informatization include channel data analysis, channel cooperation platform and channel performance evaluation, etc.

Channel management in multinational markets involves differences in countries, cultures and laws.

International channel management strategies include market selection, channel structure and management model adjustments.