horizontal integration

vertical integration

market penetration

Market Development

product development

(Concentric) Related Diversification

(Centrifugal) Unrelated Diversification

advantage

risk

External development (mergers and acquisitions)

Internal development (new construction)

Strategic Alliance

Cost reduction strategies, institutional changes, fiscal and financial strategies

Adjustment shrinkage strategy

Franchise, subcontracting, sell-out, management and leveraged buyout, divestiture into shares, asset swap and strategic trade

exit cost

Degree of specificity of fixed assets

Government and Social Constraints

internal strategic connections

emotional disorder

Reduce customer sensitivity

create barriers to entry

Defend against the threat of substitutes

Enhance bargaining power

Have strong marketing capabilities

Have strong R&D capabilities and product design capabilities

Have the ability to overall improve the quality of a certain business, establish product image, maintain advanced technology and establish and improve distribution channels

Have an incentive system, management system and a good creative culture that can inspire employees' creativity

Competitors' imitation and attacks narrow or even divert the established differences.

The cost for enterprises to differentiate their products is too high

Market demand changes

Technological uncertainty, strategic uncertainty, rapidly changing costs, first-time buyers, start-ups and budding businesses

Gain cost advantages resulting from distribution channels, proprietary technology, and experience

Economies of scale do not exist or are difficult to achieve

Low barriers to entry or existing barriers to exit

Diversified market demand leads to high product differentiation

Specialization-goal agglomeration

Overcome fragmentation – gain cost advantage

Increase added value - improve product differentiation

Reduce cost-oriented motivations

Technology and Management Oriented Motivation

Target market selection

Choosing Distribution Channels and Export Marketing

Transnational strategy, globalization, multi-country localization, international strategy

Expand, defend, counter, dodge

Introduction period, growth period, maturity period, decline period

Enterprise market value added = enterprise capital market value - enterprise occupied capital

Economic value added = operating profit after tax - capital cost * investment capital

Market value added = economic value added/(capital cost – growth rate)

Value Creation-Growth Matrix

Demographic, regional, behavioral, psychological

Market positioning

Price Strategy

Product Strategy

Distribution strategy

promotion strategy

Innovative imitators of successful products - Shanzhai

Low-cost producer of successful products - Goods A

Just-in-time production method JIT

Capacity planning

Ways to balance capacity with demand

Supply strategy

Human Resource Planning Steps