MindMap Gallery English IELTS Grammar - Tense and Voice
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This is a mind map about the reproductive development of animals, and its main contents include: insects, frogs, birds, sexual reproduction, and asexual reproduction. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about bacteria, and its main contents include: overview, morphology, types, structure, reproduction, distribution, application, and expansion. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about plant asexual reproduction, and its main contents include: concept, spore reproduction, vegetative reproduction, tissue culture, and buds. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about the reproductive development of animals, and its main contents include: insects, frogs, birds, sexual reproduction, and asexual reproduction. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
IELTS high score grammar ——Voice and tense
tense formation formula
present/past future complete ongoing
present/past will do have done be doing
happened in the past
Simple past tense (did was/were) Completed, emphasis on results
An action or state at a specific time in the past
an action that often occurred repeatedly in the past
example
I know a little bit about Italy as my wife and I () there several years ago. A.are going B.had been C.went D.have been
C
He ( ) football regularly for many years when he was young. A.was playing B.played C.has played D. had played
B
past continuous tense (was/were doing) It was not completed at that time, the background at that time, emphasizing the process
happening at some time in the past 1. Emphasize that it was not completed at that time 2. Provide background for other actions (When, While)
Example: It happened at five in the afternoon while she was watching the news on TV.
example I called Hannah many times yesterday evening,but I couldn't get through.Her brother _____on the phone all the time! A was talking B has been talking C has talked D talked
A
Yesterday afternoon,he ____me apictrue in oils.Now let me show it to you. B Yesterday afternoon,he ____me apictrue in oils.Now I'm going to see whether he has finished it. A A was painting B painted
I 【had】(1.have) a wonderful biology teacher , Mrs Hughes . She 【made】 (2.make) us excited about the subject because she was so interested herself . I remember one lesson in particular ; we【were studying】 (3.study) different types of plants , and Mrs Hughes 【was describing】(4.describe ) the different parts of the flower . She 【picked up】(5.pick up ) a purple flower , I can ' t remember exactly what it was , and then suddenly we 【noticed】 (6.notice) that she【 was crying 】(7.cry )! She 【apologised】 (8.apologise )and 【said】(9.say)that sometimes nature was so beautiful it just made her cry! We 【didn ' t know】 (10.not/ know ) what to do at first ,but it certainly 【made】 (11.make) us think . Something similar 【happened】 (12.happen) while she 【was showing】 (13.show) us how to work the microscope.She 【was examining】(14.examine) a slide of some plant tissue and she 【was smiling】 (15. smile ) all over her face. She suddenly 【got】(16.get) all excited and 【said】 (17.say),' Isn ' t it wonderful ?'Some students【laughed】(8. laugh ) at her When she 【was'nt looking】(19.not/ look ). but I didn ' t .Somehow herentusiasm 【inspired】 (20.inspire) me , and 【started】 (21.start) to like biology .
Past perfect tense (had done) past past
happened before a certain time in the past Note: If it occurs continuously, use did
past perfect continuous tense
The action takes a long time, and it has happened in the past and has not yet been completed.
had been doing
example
The moment I got home, I found my jacket____on the playground. A. had left B.left C.haveleft D. was leaving
B
Last year my friends 【arranged】(1.arrange) for we try fire-walking, which is when you walk on hot coals. 【had always been】(2. always / be )fascinated by it and I 【 had heard 】 people say it was an unforgettable experience. I was very excited when I 【arrived】(4.arrive) on the day, although beforehand I 【had been feeling】 (5.feel) a little frightened! My friends and I【had come 】(6.come) in the hope that by the end of the day we would be able to say we 【had walked】(7.walk ) across hot, burning coals. Our teacher was very good , and / by teatime we 【had learned】(8.learnt ) a great deal and 【had prepared】(9.prepare ) the fires . I 【had expected】 (10.expect) to be terrified when the time came to walk, but I【took off】 (11.take off ) my shoes and socks I【didn't feel】(12.not/ feel )afraid. I 【approached】 (13.approach) the coals as all my friends before me 【had done】(14.do), and started walking! I could feel the heat, but as I 【stepped】(5.step) back onto the grass at the other end I knew the coals【hadn't burnt】 (16.not/ burn ) my feet at all. As I 【had hoped】(17.hope ), all my friends 【managed】 (18. manage ) the walk and none of us were burnt . The whole experience was amazing , and I just wished I 【had done】 (19. do) it sooner.
happens now
present tense
Current habitual actions
Indicates ongoing status
The commander appears
Conditional adverbial clause if: unless, as long as, etc.
Adverbial clause of concession: ever, even if, etc.
Adverbial clause of concession: ever; even if, etc.
example
You're drinking too much. Only at home.No one ______me but you. A. is seeing B. had seen C.sees D.saw
C
The wet weather will continue tomorrow when a cold front arrives. A.is expected B.is expecting C.expects D.will be expected
A
What will you do if it_____ tomorrow ?--We have to carry it on , since we've got everything ready A. rain B.rains C. will rain D. is raining
B
Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across this open sea, which ______ the Pacific, and we met no storms. A. was called B is called C. had been called D. has been called
B
on going
1. Fragmentary (happening now) 2. Phased (currently happening all the time)
Special points: Emphasis on changing trends, development and progress tone, attitude
example
Have you got any job offers? - No.I _______ A.waited B. had been waiting C. have waited D. am waiting
D
1.I'm busy right now. I am filling in (fill in) application from for a new job. 2. My tutor sees (see) me for a tutor every Monday at two o'clock. 3John isn't study (not/study) every hard at (not/think) hellthe moment.pass his exams. 4.What is he doing?(he/do) He is trying (try)to fix the television aerial. 5.Animals breathe in (breathe in) oxygen and give out (give out) carbon dioxide. 6. Be quiet! I want(want) to hear the news. 7. In my country we drive (drive) on the right-hand side of the road. 8.My friend Joe's parents are traveling(travel)round the world this summer, and probablywon't be back for a couple of months. 9. The college runs (run) the same course evening year. 10. Numbers of wild butterflies are falling (fall) as a result of changes in farming methods.
present perfect tense
Continuous action, lasting until now I have lived here for 3 years. A short-term action, and it still is I have collected plenty of information. This action has occurred repeatedly from past to present I have called him three times.
it is/was the first/second time that Present perfect/past perfect
This is the first time that i've ever needed an operation.
This is/was the superlative noun that present perfect/past perfect
This is the ugliest baby that i've ever seen in my life.
Adverbial clauses of time: when, before, as, soon as, etc.
present perfect tense since simple past tense
example
I like these English songs and they _____many times on the radio. A.taught B.have taught C. are taught D. have been taught
D
present perfect tense since simple past tense ___you____Dr. Jackson for a long time? Yes, since she _____the Chinese Society. A. Have known ;joined B.Did know; joins C. Have known; had joined D. Did known; joined
A
present perfect continuous tense
occurs before speaking Continue until speaking (just stopped or still in progress) More progress and tone than when it was finished
example
Cathy is taking notes of the grammaticalrules in class at Sunshine School, where she_____ English for a year. A. studies B. studied C. is studying D. has been studying
D
happen in the future
Future Tense
Will do (prediction of temporary decision)
Is/are going to do (have a plan)
be about to do About to, immediately, often used with when
Example sentences
Tell me all about it and I will pass on the information to the rest of the team. We are going to hire a bus
I am about to go to the airport when he calls me.
future continuous tense
At that specific time in the future, we are doing
will be doing
I will be working on the report then.
future perfect tense
As of some time in the future, it has been completed
will have done
I will have finished it next friday.
future perfect continuous tense
How long has it been done until a certain time in the future? Until: by until before How long to do: for paragraph
will have been present participle
By next Friday., I will have been working here for ten years
example
Teacher: What 【will you be doing】(1.you/do)this time next year? Student I: Well,that's difficult to say but I hope that I【will be traveling】(2.travel)round the world before then I 【will hopefully have saved up】enough money for the ticket,I plan to end up in Australia and when I (get)(4.get)there I'll get a job and earn some money.
Teacher:What do you plan to do when you graduate? Student2:Well,my plans have changed a bit.I【was going to do 】(7.do)a journalism course,but I didn't get accepted.So I've started something else out and I【will be starting】 (8.start)a hospitality course tomorrow,actually.
It's for six months,so I 【will not have finished】(9.not/finish)in time to go traveling next spring ,unfortunatlly.However,as soon as 【I find out】 (10.find out)if I've After passing the course, I can apply for a job in a hotel in Australia. The commander appears