MindMap Gallery PMP string explanation question ideas
The PMP exam includes business justification, expert judgment, project charter, project management plan, lessons learned register, closing projects or phases, etc.
Edited at 2021-11-03 18:39:56This is a mind map about bacteria, and its main contents include: overview, morphology, types, structure, reproduction, distribution, application, and expansion. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about plant asexual reproduction, and its main contents include: concept, spore reproduction, vegetative reproduction, tissue culture, and buds. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about the reproductive development of animals, and its main contents include: insects, frogs, birds, sexual reproduction, and asexual reproduction. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about bacteria, and its main contents include: overview, morphology, types, structure, reproduction, distribution, application, and expansion. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about plant asexual reproduction, and its main contents include: concept, spore reproduction, vegetative reproduction, tissue culture, and buds. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about the reproductive development of animals, and its main contents include: insects, frogs, birds, sexual reproduction, and asexual reproduction. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
PMP string explanation question ideas
4. Integrated management
business case
Scenes
1: When a project is started, decide whether it should be done or not. 2: The sponsor has resigned, should the project continue? 3: Includes business needs and cost-benefit analysis.
Keywords: 1. Is it worth investing? 2.Decision making 3. Cost-benefit analysis of business needs
Definition: A business case describes the information necessary from a business perspective to determine whether the expected results of a project are worth the investment. Executives often use this document as a basis for decision-making. The business case will include business needs and cost-benefit analysis.
expert judgment
Keywords: 1. Industry, law, field 2. Stakeholders do not trust the project manager
Definition: Expert judgment refers to professional knowledge based on a certain application field, knowledge field, discipline, industry, etc.
Project Charter
content
1. Project purpose 2. Project success criteria 3. High-level needs 4. High-level boundary description, mainly deliverable success 5. Overall risk 6. Overall Milestones 7. Pre-approval of financial resources 8.Key stakeholders 9Approval requirements 10. Project launch standards
Definition: A project charter is a document issued by the project initiator or project sponsor that formally approves the establishment of the project and authorizes the project manager to use organizational resources to carry out project activities.
Keywords: 1. In the initial stage, the project manager joins 2. The sponsor requires immediate 3. High-level, overall, high-level, project goals
Hypothetical log
Definition: Used to record all assumptions and constraints throughout the project cycle.
Keywords: assumptions, constraints, risk input
project management plan
Integrated project management plan - signature and approval - opening meeting - execution
Kick-off meeting
Definition: The project kickoff meeting usually marks the end of the planning phase and the beginning of the execution phase. It is intended to communicate the project goals, obtain the team's commitment to the project, and clarify the roles and responsibilities of each relevant party.
Keywords: Commitment, end of planning, beginning of execution, communication of goals
Problem log
Definition: An issue log is a project document that records and follows up on all issues
Keywords: recording, follow-up questions
Lessons Learned Register
A Lessons Learned Register records challenges encountered, issues encountered, risks and opportunities perceived.
Keywords: Prevent recurrence, improve future project performance, avoid future occurrences.
Monitor project work
1. Earned value analysis: Earned value analysis conducts a comprehensive analysis of scope, schedule and cost performance.
2. Deviation analysis: Deviation analysis examines the difference between target performance and actual performance
3. Trend analysis: Trend analysis predicts future performance based on past results.
4. Root cause analysis: It is used to identify the reasons for deviations
5. Alternatives analysis: Alternatives are used to select corrective actions or a combination of corrective actions and preventive actions to be implemented when deviations occur.
6. Cost-benefit analysis: Cost-benefit analysis helps determine the most cost-effective corrective actions.
End project or phase
Verification: Verification after internal quality control (good or not)
Acceptance: Acceptance after confirming the scope
Handover: handing over ownership to the operations team
Aborted: The project is aborted. Investigate the reasons first, and then update lessons learned.
5. Scope management
process
Business case, agreement, charter ➡️5.2 Collect requirements ➡️Requirements document ➡️Define scope ➡️Scope statement ➡️Control scope ➡️Create WBS ➡️Confirm scope
guided seminar
Facilitation is used in conjunction with topical workshops to bring key stakeholders together to define product requirements. Workshops can be used to quickly define cross-functional requirements and reconcile differences in needs among relevant parties.
Keywords: different needs, different needs, inconsistent needs.
Requirements Tracking Matrix
1. A form that connects requirements from their sources to the deliverables that can be satisfied.
2. Use a requirements tracking matrix to link each requirement to business goals or project goals.
3. The requirements tracking matrix provides a way to track requirements throughout the project life cycle.
4. The requirements tracking matrix also provides a framework for managing scope changes
Key words: Interested parties dispute ownership of deliverables; How to track requirements; Deliverable change process; Connect with business goals
scope statement
Recorded what to do and what not to do
Scope Baseline
The scope baseline is the approved scope statement, WBS, and WBS dictionary that can only be changed through a formal change control process and is used as a basis for comparison.
Keywords: change procedure, including three items, acceptance criteria
Confirm scope
Validating scope is the process of formal acceptance of completed project deliverables. Complete one and confirm one.
Keywords: The project manager has completed the acceptance of the deliverables
scope creep
1. Scope of changes by customers or related parties 2. Team members proactively change the scope
Key words: 1. The team includes 2. The number of project managers has been increased 3. Actively increased 4. Members execute according to customer requirements
6.Project progress management
Create wbs➡️Define activities➡️Estimate activity resources and identify, analyze, plan and respond to risks➡️Estimate activity time and sequence activities➡️Develop a schedule
rolling planning
The level of detail of the work will vary at different stages of the project life cycle. In the early strategic planning stages, the information is not clear enough and the work packages can only be broken down to a known level of detail; later, as more information is learned, the work packages to be implemented in the near future can be broken down into specific activities.
Keywords: Unable to continue decomposition, information is not clear enough, later planning
Activity properties
Activity attributes may include activity description, predecessor activities, successor activities, logical relationships, leads and lags (see Section 6.3.2.3), resource requirements, mandatory dates, constraints and assumptions.
Keywords: logical relationship, detailed description of activities, resource requirements
Estimate basis
The amount and type of supporting information for duration estimates vary by application area. Regardless of its level of detail, supporting documentation should clearly and completely describe how the duration calculation was derived.
Keywords: Questioning estimates, asking for simplified estimates
Progress network analysis
Schedule network analysis is a comprehensive technique for creating a project schedule model that uses several other techniques, such as critical path methods, resource optimization techniques, and modeling techniques. Schedule network analysis is an iterative process that continues until a feasible Progress model.
Keywords: comprehensive technology, iterative process
Reserve analysis
Used to determine the contingency reserves and management reserves required for the project. When making duration estimates, contingency reserves need to be considered to account for schedule uncertainties.
Keywords: remaining funds to cope with risks, risk changes, remaining reserve time.
7. Cost management
three point estimate
Triangular distribution: cE=(cO cM cP)/3
Beta distribution: cE=(cO 4cM cP)/6
Keywords: three numbers, PERT, smallest, largest, most likely
8.Quality management
consistency cost
prevention cost
training
Documentation process
equipment
Complete time
Evaluate costs
test
examine
Destructive testing
cost of inconsistency
internal failure costs
Rework
scrapped
external failure costs
debt
warranty work
lose business
Cost-benefit analysis
Cost-benefit analysis is a financial analysis tool used to estimate the advantages and disadvantages of alternatives to determine the alternative that creates the best benefits.
Keywords: Stakeholders do not want to invest in quality and quality managers demand increased quality testing.
audit
Scenes
structured review
check process non-structure
Best Practices
random or planned
violation gap
Lessons learned
An audit is a structured, independent process used to determine whether project activities comply with organizational and project policies, processes, and procedures.
Keywords: process, effectiveness, quality cost reduction, corrective action
statistical sampling
Statistical sampling refers to selecting some samples from the target population for inspection. Used for measurement control and quality confirmation. The frequency and scale of sampling should be determined in the quality management plan.
Keywords: sample, extraction
9. Resource Management
resource management plan
Access to resources
priority negotiation
Building a team
Centralized office, virtual team, communication technology, training, rewards, team building
management team
Conflict management, performance follow-up
Team charter
Team Values; Communication Guidelines; Decision Criteria and Process Conflict Resolution Procedures; Meeting Guidelines; Team Consensus
Keywords: disciplinary issues, not taking meetings seriously, best practices for teams
negotiation
The project management team's ability to influence others is important in resource allocation negotiations, as is political ability in the organization
Keywords: Confirm resource availability, obtain resources, resources are taken away
cultural awareness
Cultural awareness refers to understanding the differences between individuals, groups, and organizations and adapting a project's communication strategy accordingly. Being culturally aware and following through can minimize misunderstandings and miscommunications caused by cultural differences within the project stakeholder community.
Keywords: The two groups of people have different backgrounds, cultural differences, and style differences.
10. Communication plan management
communication management plan
A communications management plan describes how to plan, structure, execute, and monitor project communications to improve communication effectiveness
Keywords: information, report, project status, misunderstanding, notification, meeting, escalation steps, glossary
11.Risk Management
Identify risks (Risk Register) – Risk data quality assessment – Qualitative analysis (Risk Register)—Quantitative Analysis (Risk Report)—Planning Risk Responses (Risk Level Book, Change Project Management Plan)—Implementing Risk Responses (Risk Register)—Monitoring Risks
risk management plan
The risk management plan is an integral part of the project plan and describes how to arrange and implement risk management activities.
Keywords: Risk roles and responsibilities, methodology
Risk data quality assessment
Risk data is the basis for qualitative risk analysis. Risk data quality assessment is designed to evaluate the accuracy and reliability of data on individual project risks.
Keywords: risk accurate data
Probability influence matrix
Using numerical values, you can multiply the two values to derive a probability/impact score for each risk, which can be used to rank individual risks relative to each other within each priority group.
Banned words: probability * impact
Decision tree analysis
EMV=probability of outcome*impact-probability of failure*impact
Monte Carlo is a basic method that provides the basis for subsequent S-curve, inscription diagram, EMV, decision tree analysis, and quantitative risk analysis.
Quantitative risk analysis
Modeling, Monte Carlo ➡️Sensitivity analysis ➡️Decision tree analysis ➡️Influence diagram analysis
Other concepts
emergency plan
Bounce back plan
contingency measures
It is an emergency measure that was not originally designed in response to risks that have not been identified or passively accepted in the past and are currently occurring. It must be comprehensively evaluated through the overall change control process.
risk reassessment
secondary risk
residual risk
12. Procurement management
Pre-approved seller list
A properly vetted seller list can simplify the steps required for bidding and reduce the time of the seller selection process.
Keywords: What to check before purchasing and confirming suppliers
Scenario: Before buying equipment, check whether existing suppliers have relevant equipment.
Make-Buy Analysis
In a make-or-buy analysis, payback period, return on investment (RO), or other analytical techniques can be used to determine whether a good or service should be made in-house or purchased externally.
Keywords: Make it yourself or buy it from outside
Purchasing Statement of Work
The statement of work will describe the products, services or results to be purchased in sufficient detail, and the contents of the statement of work include. Specifications, required quantities, quality levels, performance data, performance period, work location and other requirements.
Keywords: description, specifications, quality level of deliverables
Bidding Documents
Request for Information (RFI), Request for Quotation (RFP), Request for Proposal (RFQ)
Tender documents are used to solicit proposals from potential sellers.
Keywords: requiring suppliers to provide information
Supplier selection criteria
For different criteria, numerical scores, color codes, or written descriptions can be used to illustrate the extent to which the seller meets the needs of the purchasing organization. These criteria are part of a weighting system whereby all proposals are ranked in a weighted scoring manner in order to determine the order of negotiations and the conclusion of a contract with a particular seller.
Keywords: Difficulty in choosing suppliers, don’t know how to choose
independent cost estimate
For large purchases, the purchasing organization can prepare its own independent estimate or hire an outside professional estimator to produce a cost estimate and use it as a benchmark against which to evaluate the seller's bid.
Keywords: The quotation conforms to the market price
bidders meeting
A bidder's meeting is a meeting between a buyer and a potential seller before the seller submits a proposal, the purpose of which is to ensure that all potential bidders have a clear and consistent understanding of the procurement requirements and to ensure that no bidder will receive special preferential treatment.
Keywords: ensuring fairness, consistent understanding
Proposal evaluation
Evaluate proposals to determine whether they respond completely and adequately to the bidding documents, procurement statements of work, supplier selection criteria and other documents included in the bidding package.
Keywords: choose supplier
protocol
Invitation for Proposal ➡️Proposal Assessment ➡️Negotiation ➡️Agreement
performance review
Measure, compare and analyze quality, resource, schedule and cost performance against agreement to review contract work performance.
Keywords: How are supplier progress, quality, and cost results doing?
13. Relevant parties
Stakeholder analysis
Stakeholder analysis will produce a stakeholder list and various information about the stakeholders, such as their position within the organization, role in the project, stake in the project, expectations, attitudes (level of support for the project), and support for the project. Project information of interest.
Keywords: rights, roles, interests, relationships, attitudes, influence
Stakeholder mapping
Power interest grid; highlighting model prioritization
Keywords: ranking of relevant parties, classification of power and interests
Stakeholder Engagement Assessment Matrix
The stakeholder engagement assessment matrix is used to compare the current level of stakeholder engagement to the desired level of engagement. Necessary communication should be carried out based on the gap between the current and expected participation levels of each relevant party, and relevant parties should be effectively guided to participate in the project.
Keywords: bridging the engagement level gap, engagement levels
Key words
If you have a dispute with a supplier or customer, first look at the contract