Project: one-time, temporary, progressive A temporary effort to achieve a unique product, service or result

Operations: Repeatability, cycle, clarity and standards

Critical Path Method (CPM)

Program Review Technology (PERT)

Work Structure Breakdown (WBS)

Earned Value Method (EVM)

The project produces new products, new services, and new achievements

Project results solve certain business problems and bring about certain reforms and innovations

Project income, increase revenue and reduce expenditure, reduce costs and increase efficiency, generate tangible benefits/intangible benefits

project

Program

Portfolio

Internal (Executive Organization) External (Industry, Country)

Hard (infrastructure) Soft (policy level)

High (Political Climate) Medium (Industrial Policy) Low (Company System)

Processes and Procedures

shared knowledge base

Functional organizational structure: no real power, part-time job, functional managers control the budget

Weak matrix organization: limited authority, limited resources, part-time work, functional managers control the budget

Balanced organization: functional managers and project managers control the budget and work part-time

Strong matrix organization: authority, medium to large resource rights, project manager controls budget, full-time

Project-based organization: full authority, project manager controls budget, full-time

Supportive: Administrative support, consulting services, best practices

Controlling type: Develop project management specifications to control the project management process

Directive: direct management and control of projects

life cycle

development method

VUCA era

Agile Manifesto

Scrum agile