1. Physiological needs. This is the most basic need for human beings to maintain their own survival, including clothing, food, shelter, transportation and other needs. If these needs are not met, human survival becomes a problem. Maslow believed that only after these most basic needs are met to the extent necessary for survival, other needs can become new motivating factors.

2. Security needs. This is the need of human beings to ensure their own safety, get rid of the threat of unemployment and property loss, avoid the invasion of occupational diseases, and relieve harsh supervision. Maslow believed that the entire organism is a mechanism for pursuing safety, and human receptors, effector organs, intelligence and other energies are mainly tools for pursuing safety.

3. The need for belonging and love. This level of needs includes two aspects: First, the need to belong, that is, people have a feeling of belonging to a group, hoping to become a member of the group and care for each other. The second is the need for friendship, that is, everyone needs a harmonious relationship between partners and colleagues or to maintain friendship and loyalty; everyone wants love, wants to love others, and is eager to accept the love of others.

4. The need for respect. Everyone hopes that they will have a stable social status and that their personal abilities and achievements will be recognized by society. The need for respect can be divided into internal respect and external respect. Internal respect, that is, self-esteem, refers to a person's desire to be strong, competent, confident, and independent in various situations. External respect means that a person hopes to have status, prestige, and be respected, trusted, and highly praised by others.

5. The need for self-actualization. This is the highest level of need. It refers to the need to realize personal ideals and ambitions, develop one's maximum potential, and accomplish everything commensurate with one's own abilities. It is also a need for creation and self-worth to be reflected. The need for self-actualization is to strive to discover your own potential and gradually become the person you want.

Maslow believes that higher-level needs will arise only after lower-level needs are basically satisfied. The most dominant needs will dominate a person's consciousness and behavior. After the emergence of higher-level needs, lower-level needs still exist, but their influence on behavior is weakened.

1. The need for survival

2. The need for relationships

3. The need for growth

1. Instinctive behavior and learned behavior. Instinctive behaviors are inherited, such as crawling and sucking. Learned behavior is gradually learned by human beings through interaction with the environment.

2. Prosocial behavior and antisocial behavior. Prosocial behavior refers to all behaviors that have a positive effect on society. Antisocial behavior is behavior that attacks others and society and has negative effects.

3. Normal behavior and deviant behavior. Normal behavior refers to behavior that conforms to social norms and normal patterns. Deviant behavior refers to behavior that is significantly different from the norm and hinders an individual's normal life adaptation.

1. Adaptability. The fundamental purpose of human behavior is to adapt to the environment, maintain the reproduction of individuals and races, and constantly change their own survival and living environment while adapting to the environment.

2. Diversity. Human behavior is a complex system with various aspects, including explicit and implicit, genetic or acquired, physiological and social, diverse and very complex.

3. Developmental. Human behavior is a continuous development process. Current behavior is the continuation of past behavior, and current behavior will become the basis for future behavior.

4. (Controllability. Human behavior is the behavior of people. Human beings can consciously control and adjust their own behavior to make it move toward the goal.

5. Integration. Human behavior is organically unified, not independent and unrelated to each other. Human individual behavior is closely related to their own physiological conditions, psychological development and social environment, and is the result of the coordinated interaction of various characteristics.

physiological factors. Affecting human growth is the material basis of human behavior; changes in physiological factors will affect the growth of psychological factors; people at different stages have different physiological development, which directly affects people's growth characteristics at different periods; physiological factors are mainly through genetic genes Influence human behavioral development.

psychological factors. Psychological cognition helps people correctly understand themselves, others and society, so as to correctly handle the relationship between themselves, others and society. Only correct understanding can ensure the healthy development of people's behavior; people have emotions, and emotions have an important impact on human behavior. The influence is very important; psychological needs and motivations affect behavioral changes.

social factors. Human beings are social beings, and human behavior is not only an adaptation to society, but also deeply affected by social environmental factors. Social factors include families, groups, economic and political systems, social events and culture, etc. The influence of social factors on human behavior is obvious.

The primary social group established through marriage, blood or adoption relationships is the most basic unit of society, the most primitive and fundamental environment for people, and the basis for people to contact social life.

core family. A family consisting of a couple and unmarried children

Stem family. A family consisting of parents and a pair of married children

Joint family. A family consisting of parents and multiple pairs of married children

one-parent family

Dink family

Pampered type. Parents blindly dote on and neglect to control. Children are self-centered, lazy and undisciplined, and can easily develop antisocial personalities.

Dominance. Parents are overly pampering and restrictive. One side is overprotective, the other side has too high expectations, and the child is prone to develop personality psychological characteristics such as timidity, weak will, aloofness, and so on.

Authoritarian type. Parents lack love or patience, and their management methods are rough. Children's personality, self-esteem, will, and rights are not respected. The parent-child relationship in the family is a relationship of command and obedience, which makes children feel distrustful, wary, inferior, and passive. Personalities such as irritable, timid, dependent or rebellious against authority.

Laissez-faire type. Parents lack love, patience, and a sense of responsibility. They let their children go their own way, and the children do not receive necessary guidance and normal restraint. This will lead to lack of self-confidence, poor self-control, irresponsibility, abnormal mood swings, aggression in dealing with others, and lack of control. Ideal and other psychological tendencies

Conflict type. The interpersonal relationships among family members are tense, disharmonious, and the family atmosphere is imbalanced. Children are prone to develop psychological characteristics such as insecurity, weak willpower, cruelty, and lying. Most of them are fiercely rebellious and may have antisocial tendencies.

Democratic type. Family members respect each other, communicate equally, and both restrain and encourage their children. Children can easily develop personality traits such as self-esteem, self-confidence, strong self-discipline, achievement motivation, and other good social adaptability.

emotional support

sexual satisfaction

give birth to

Socialization

economic function

A peer group is an informal group composed of people of similar age, gender, interests, occupation, social status and behavior. The formation of peer groups is mostly due to accidental factors. As age increases, the active selection of peer groups becomes more and more active.

equality

openness

Identity

unique

School refers to an organizational institution in which educators conduct systematic educational activities for educated people in a planned and organized manner. It provides systematic education to children and adolescents and is an important place for individual socialization.

campus culture

class size

Teaching mode

Teacher-student relationship