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Educational Psychology Chapter 1 Mind Map
Educational psychology is a science that studies the basic laws of interaction between learning and teaching through scientific methods. It is a branch of applied psychology.
Edited at 2024-03-15 15:39:38
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Chapter 1 Educational Psychology and Its Research
Section 1 Educational Psychology and its Research
Connotation and research objects
(1) What is educational psychology?
(1) Broad sense: It is a science that studies the basic laws of the interaction between learning and teaching through scientific methods, and is a branch of applied psychology.
(2) Narrow sense: specifically refers to the science of studying various psychology and behaviors in school situations.
(Students, teachers, teacher-student interactions, education and teaching environment)
(2) Research objects
(1) All psychology and behavior that occur in the field of education and learning are the research objects of educational psychology. (General)
(2) Five elements: students, teachers, teaching content, media, and environment
(3) Three processes: learning process, teaching process, and evaluation/reflection process
The tasks and values of educational psychology
(1) Description-Explanation-Prediction-Control
(2) Value: reveal patterns, provide basis, guide practice, and promote construction
Section 2 History and Reflection of Educational Psychology
Ancient Chinese and Western educational psychology thoughts
(1) China
1. Moral Psychology: Virtue and Talent
2. Learning psychology: learning and thinking, drawing inferences from one example, reviewing the past and learning new things, and trusting the book
3. Different psychology: Zi Lu, Ran You
4. Theory of human nature: Confucius, Mencius, Xunzi, Gaozi
(2) West
1. Ancient Greece
1️⃣Socrates (Virtue is knowledge)
2️⃣Plato (individual differences)
3️⃣Aristotle ("On the Soul")
2. After the Renaissance: Combination of Education and Psychology
1️⃣Comenius' "Grand Teaching"
2️⃣Pestalozzi's "On Teaching Methods"
"How Gertrude Educated Her Children"
3. Herbart
1️⃣The four stages of education: understanding—association—system—method
2️⃣Five-stage teaching method: preparation-presentation-connection-integration-application
(3) Characteristics and value of Chinese and Western educational psychology
1. The nature of human nature varies widely, and education has the function of influencing human nature and making it develop in a good direction.
2. Whether it is moral education or intellectual education, changes in students' informed intentions and behavior must be considered when teaching.
3. Obtained through experience summary or speculation.
The birth and development of modern educational psychology
(1) Paving the way
1. In 1953, Joan Weiss proposed the term "educational psychology"
2. In 1868, Ushinsky's "Man is the Object of Education" (the founder of Russian educational psychology)
3. In 1877, Kapterev's "Educational Psychology" (the first in the world)
(2) The birth of modern educational psychology
1. Thorndike, American psychologist, "Educational Psychology" in 1903, the father of educational psychology.
2. Reasons
1️⃣Research paradigm of educational psychology
2️⃣Complete system
3️⃣Classic experimental research
(3) Development stage
1. Start-up
2.Development
3. Maturity (Rosje)
4.Expand
(4) China; 1925, Liao Shicheng, "Educational Psychology", the first book in China.
(5) Gains and losses of scientism-oriented educational psychology
1.get
1️⃣Independent
2️⃣Experimental method
3️⃣Great achievements in multiple fields
4️⃣ Updated learning concepts and improved learning efficiency
2. lose
1️⃣The supremacy of methods leads to the loss and separation of “people”
2️⃣Deviates and narrows the original purpose of teaching the mind
3️⃣Stay away from practical issues in education
New ideas in the study of teaching mind
(1) Integration of educational purposes: four harmonious unifications
(2) The research object is holistic: all students and the entire core of students
(3) Sinicization of the research process: themes and methods
Section 3 Research Methods in Educational Psychology
research process
(1) Propose a hypothesis
1. Questions of interest
1️⃣Top-down: The theory of integration of wisdom, virtue and talent
2️⃣Bottom-up: Mental Accounting Theory
2. Researchable questions
three standards
1️⃣ Falsifiability
2️⃣operability
3️⃣Do your best
3. Form a hypothesis
1️⃣Hypotheses are not equal to facts, concepts, or proven findings
2️⃣Good hypothesis
Reasonable speculation
independent variable/dependent variable
Declarative/non-interrogative
Theoretical and literature base
concise and to the point
able to be tested
(2) Verify hypothesis
1. Specific and feasible research design
1️⃣Subject
2️⃣Tools
3️⃣Variables
4️⃣Steps
5️⃣Statistics
Research paradigm: quantitative, qualitative research
(1) Quantitative research (quantitative research, quantitative research)
1.Definition
2.Operating technology
1️⃣Sampling method
2️⃣Data collection
3️⃣Data statistics methods
3.Basic process
(2) Qualitative research (qualitative research, qualitative research)
1. Definition: A research method in which researchers participate in natural situations, collect data using various methods such as observation, interviews, and physical analysis, and develop a more holistic and interpretive understanding and explanation of the observed objects.
2. Four specific methods
1️⃣Case Study
2️⃣Participate in observation
3️⃣In-depth interviews
4️⃣Text analysis
3. Bottom-up, grounded theory, positivism
Type of Study
(1) Non-experimental research
(2) Experimental research
Psychology Class 1 Men Jiaqi