The sternum and ribs are sunken backward and inward, forming a funnel deformity

The deepest depression is at the junction of the sternum body and xiphoid process

Lateral chest X-ray → the lower sternum is depressed posteriorly

restrictive ventilatory dysfunction

sternum lift

sternal flip surgery

Pedicle sternal flip surgery

Pathogenic types are divided into

Mostly from infection focus in the lungs (common factor)

Empyema secondary to sepsis/septicemia

Empyema caused by Staphylococcus aureus gradually increases

route of infection

installment

Increased white blood cells

Chest tightness, cough and phlegm

The tremor is reduced on the affected side and dullness is detected by percussion.

The image shows a curved shadow that is high on the outside and low on the inside.

If a large amount of fluid accumulates

Preferred examination → Ultrasound (to clarify the scope and location of empyema) (helpful for puncture treatment)

Confirmatory examination→Thoracentesis

Improper treatment of acute empyema

Infection in the abscess cavity is difficult to control

Fibrous thickening of the parietal layer of the visceral pleura

Respiratory function is affected

The walls of the abscess cavity shrink → the mediastinum shifts to the diseased side

Parietal pleura thickening → Intercostal space narrowing → Thoracic collapse

restrictive respiratory dysfunction

Pleural fiber stripping (main method)

thoracoplasty

pleural pneumonectomy